Beneficial effect of bilingualism on Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers and cognition

Bilingualism as a component of cognitive reserve has been claimed to delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, its effect on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD-biomarkers has not been investigated. We assessed cognitive performance and CSF AD-biomarkers, and potential moderation effect of bili...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Estanga Alustiza, Ainara, Ecay Torres, Mirian, Ibáñez, Almudena, Izagirre Otaegi, Andrea, Villanua Bernues, Jorge Alberto, García Sebastián, Maite, Iglesias Gaspar, María Teresa, Otaegui Arrazola, Ane, Iriondo Juaristi, Ane, Clerigué, Montserrat, Martínez-Lage Alvarez, Pablo
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/72301
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72301
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:bilingualism
preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
CSF biomarkers
cognitive performance
cognitive/brain reserve
cohort studies
Descripción
Sumario:Bilingualism as a component of cognitive reserve has been claimed to delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, its effect on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD-biomarkers has not been investigated. We assessed cognitive performance and CSF AD-biomarkers, and potential moderation effect of bilingualism on the association between age, CSF AD-biomarkers, and cognition. Cognitively healthy middle-aged participants classified as monolinguals (n ¼ 100, nCSF ¼ 59), early (n ¼ 81, n CSF ¼ 55) and late bilinguals (n ¼ 97, nCSF ¼ 52) were evaluated. Models adjusted for confounders showed that bi- linguals performed better than monolinguals on digits backwards (early-bilinguals p ¼ 0.003), Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) (early-bilinguals p ¼ 0.018; late-bilinguals p ¼ 0.004), and Trail Making Test-B (late-bilinguals p ¼ 0.047). Early bilingualism was associated with lower CSF total-tau (p ¼ 0.019) and lower prevalence of preclinical AD (NIA-AA classification) (p ¼ 0.02). Bilingualism showed a moderation effect on the relationship between age and CSF AD-biomarkers and the relationship between age and executive function. We conclude that bilingualism contributes to cognitive reserve enhancing executive and visual-spatial functions. For the first time, this study reveals that early bilingualism is associated with more favorable CSF AD-biomarker profile.

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