Fístula aortoesofágica: una urgencia endovascular

IntroductionThe aortoesophageal fistula is a rare entity with a poor prognosis. The typical clinical presentation is as described by Chiari: dysphagia/chest pain, sentinel bleeding, and massive hemorrhage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and computed tomography scan are fundamental for diagnosis. A...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Rueda Gomariz, Eloy, Ballesteros Yáñez, Inmaculada, Bermúdez García, Aníbal, Daroca Martínez, Tomás
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Repositorio:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:ruidera_____::b6e08b10d7cee078850e5ca1393fa831
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.circv.2024.03.007
https://hdl.handle.net/10578/48321
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1134009624000639
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aorta
Esófago
Esophagus
Fístula
Hemorragia
Hemorrhage
TEVAR
Descripción
Sumario:IntroductionThe aortoesophageal fistula is a rare entity with a poor prognosis. The typical clinical presentation is as described by Chiari: dysphagia/chest pain, sentinel bleeding, and massive hemorrhage. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and computed tomography scan are fundamental for diagnosis. As for treatment, it is not clearly established. The aim of this article is to present our experience with a case of aortoesophageal fístula treated through transaxillary Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR).MethodsA 63-year-old male patient with a history of diabetes mellitus, smoker, chronic renal failure, and peripheral vascular disease presented with an episode of hematemesis with associated syncope and melaena. The patient underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and computed tomography with intravenous contrast. After diagnosis, the patient underwent implantation of a Medtronic Valiant Navion stent graft via left transaxillary approach after placement of a Sengstaken-Blakemore catheter.ResultsEndoscopy suggested an aortoesophageal fistula, and computed tomography revealed 2aneurysms in the descending aorta, one of which was in contact with the esophagus. The patient underwent implantation of a stent graft via transaxillary approach after placement of a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube, with good clinical outcome.ConclusionsThe aortoesophageal fistula is a rare and potentially lethal entity that requires a high diagnostic suspicion and emergency treatment, which is not established. Stent graft implantation is a safe therapeutic option as a bridge to patient stabilization, but definitive treatment must be individualized according to case characteristics and etiology.