Diversidade beta taxonômica e funcional dos peixes de água doce do Brasil

The first part of this work we assess the relationship between the taxonomic and functional alfa- and beta-diversity (TβD and FβD) in primary ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) from Brazil, at three different spatial scales. We assess the contribution of the components of β-div – turnover (replaceme...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Santos, Isaac Trindade
Tipo de recurso: tesis de maestría
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UFS
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:oai:ri.ufs.br:repo_01:riufs/4483
Acceso en línea:https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4483
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ecologia
Peixe de água doce
Zoologia (classificação)
Otto Pfaffstetter
Biogeografia
Ictiofauna
Turnover
Nestedness
Biogeography
Ichthyofauna
CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
Descripción
Sumario:The first part of this work we assess the relationship between the taxonomic and functional alfa- and beta-diversity (TβD and FβD) in primary ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) from Brazil, at three different spatial scales. We assess the contribution of the components of β-div – turnover (replacement of species) and nestedness (species loss) – to the observed pattern, and whether they are driven by stochastic or deterministic processes. While TβD was ruled by high rates of turnover (from 93 to 98%), FβD had a greater contribution of nestedness (70 to 80%). Observed TβD was higher than by chance. In addition, environmental filtering and biotic interactions play a greater role for the formation and maintenance of primary ray-finned fish diversity patterns in the Neotropics. In the second part of this work we assessed how the patterns of beta diversity are affected by human actions. Taking the ‘Bento Rodrigues dam disaster’ at the Doce Basin as a case model, we evaluate the possible consequences of different levels of local species extinctions to the regional taxonomic β-div and functional richness across six neighbour river basins. A higher contribution of nestedness (13-19%), leaded to an increase in the pattern of beta diversity: 0.75 to 0.81 (Sørensen dissimilarity index). The functional richness from Doce Basin also decreased from 69-36%. Owing to the regional pattern of species sharing among basins, the likely consequences of fish extinctions include a decreasing trend of turnover contribution (87-81%). The disaster caused substantial changes on regional patterns of β-div and functional richness, owing to a process known as subtractive heterogenization. These findings might be relevant for both, local conservation purposes and the overview of how disturbance affect biodiversity.