A influência de paliteiros estruturando assembléias de peixes em reservatórios : dois estudos de caso na América do Sul.

The importance of subaquatic structures in determining fish assemblages is largely recognized in the literature. However, most of the studies are focused in aquatic macrophytes, and studies dealing with the influence of submersed trunks, resulted from the formation of reservoirs without the removal...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Gois, Karen Silvério
Tipo de documento: tese
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2011
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)
Repositório:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (RI-UEM)
Idioma:português
OAI Identifier:oai:localhost:1/4750
Acesso em linha:http://repositorio.uem.br:8080/jspui/handle/1/4750
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Peixes de água doce
Reservatórios
Vegetação submersa
Ictiofauna
Heterogeneidade de habitat
Complexidade
Heterogeneidade de hábitat
Atributos de comunidade
América do Sul.
Freshwater fishes
Reservoirs
Habitat complexity
Submerged vegetation
Habitat heterogeneity
Community attributes
Ichthyofauna
South America.
Ciências Biológicas
Ecologia
Descrição
Resumo:The importance of subaquatic structures in determining fish assemblages is largely recognized in the literature. However, most of the studies are focused in aquatic macrophytes, and studies dealing with the influence of submersed trunks, resulted from the formation of reservoirs without the removal of the arboreal vegetation, are scarce. It is expected that submerged vegetation augment the biogenic capacity of reservoirs, increase the structural habitat complexity, contributing to the maintenance of a more diverse fish assemblage. In addition, submersed dead trees may be colonized as preferential habitats for some species. It is equally expected that, with the process of decomposition and the subsequent reduction in complexity, part of the function is lost. This study has as purpose to evaluate these predictions by comparing the abundance and composition of fish assemblages in habitats with and without submerged arboreal vegetation in two reservoirs with distinct ages (Itaipu, up to five year after its formation; Mourão, 30 years after its formation). Results showed the importance of the structured areas (with submerged vegetation) for the abundance of fish in both reservoirs. However, their role in maintaining species richness and diversity was significant only during the first years after the impoundment, when these environments also harbor a greater variety of characteristic (indicator) species. The occupation of these habitats by small sized species with an invertivorous diet indicates that the non removal of the arboreal vegetation contributes to increase the biogenic capacity of reservoirs, leading to greater productivity, in addition to provide shelter against predation. Under the perspective of conservation of fishery resources we concluded that the decisions related to the fate of arboreal vegetation in new reservoirs should never consider its total removal. It should be considered only the removal of what is necessary to maintain acceptable water quality, even with transitory and localized hypoxia processes.