Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution

Venezuelan oil exploration and exploitation activities have been taking place since the 18th century. These long-term activities are closely related to heavy metal contamination because of the increasing input of toxic pollutants. Variations in heavy metal concentrations can cause, among other thing...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ramos, Ruth, Verde, Alejandra, García, Elia M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:México
Institución:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
Repositorio:Ciencias Marinas
Idioma:inglés
español
OAI Identifier:oai:cienciasmarinas.com.mx:article/3124
Acceso en línea:https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:metals
marine sediments
intervened areas
pollution indicators
Venezuela
metales
sedimentos marinos
áreas intervenidas
indicadores de contaminación
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network_name_str México
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
Metales pesados en sedimentos marinos de Venezuela: concentraciones, grado de contaminación y distribución
title Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
spellingShingle Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
Ramos, Ruth
metals
marine sediments
intervened areas
pollution indicators
Venezuela
metales
sedimentos marinos
áreas intervenidas
indicadores de contaminación
Venezuela
title_short Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
title_full Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
title_fullStr Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
title_full_unstemmed Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
title_sort Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distribution
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ramos, Ruth
Verde, Alejandra
García, Elia M
author Ramos, Ruth
author_facet Ramos, Ruth
Verde, Alejandra
García, Elia M
author_role author
author2 Verde, Alejandra
García, Elia M
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv metals
marine sediments
intervened areas
pollution indicators
Venezuela
metales
sedimentos marinos
áreas intervenidas
indicadores de contaminación
Venezuela
topic metals
marine sediments
intervened areas
pollution indicators
Venezuela
metales
sedimentos marinos
áreas intervenidas
indicadores de contaminación
Venezuela
description Venezuelan oil exploration and exploitation activities have been taking place since the 18th century. These long-term activities are closely related to heavy metal contamination because of the increasing input of toxic pollutants. Variations in heavy metal concentrations can cause, among other things, changes in metal distribution patterns, alterations in biogeochemical cycles, and increments in environmental and biological risks. The need for a complete baseline on heavy metal concentrations along the Venezuelan coast is critical. For this reason, we present the concentrations, distribution, and degree of contamination of 9 heavy metals (barium, mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, cadmium, zinc, lead, and vanadium) in marine sediments along the Venezuelan coast. We used the enrichment factor, the geoaccumulation index, and the mean effects range median quotients to evaluate the degree of contamination, comparing areas with and without intervention. Our results indicate that higher concentrations of these heavy metals are associated with places with greater anthropic activity, especially on the central and eastern coasts of Venezuela. Only cadmium showed extremely severe enrichment and a high degree of contamination. The biohazard potential was between 12% and 30% and was primarily associated with locations having high oil activity, which suggests that these places must be monitored, given the potential hazard they represent. This work encompasses the distribution and concentration of 9 heavy metals along the Venezuelan coast and takes relevance as a baseline for heavy metal concentrations and pollution indicators in marine sediments for Venezuela and the Caribbean.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-09-29
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Peer-reviewed Article
Artículo Arbitrado
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124
10.7773/cm.v47i3.3124
url https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124
identifier_str_mv 10.7773/cm.v47i3.3124
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
spa
language eng
spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420575
https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420810
https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420812
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Copyright (c) 2021 Ciencias Marinas
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Copyright (c) 2021 Ciencias Marinas
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
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text/xml
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 47 No. 3 (2021); 185–199
Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 47 Núm. 3 (2021); 185–199
2395-9053
0185-3880
reponame:Ciencias Marinas
instname:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
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instname_str UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIA
instacron_str UABC
institution UABC
reponame_str Ciencias Marinas
collection Ciencias Marinas
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spelling Heavy metals in Venezuelan marine sediments: concentrations, degree of contamination, and distributionMetales pesados en sedimentos marinos de Venezuela: concentraciones, grado de contaminación y distribuciónRamos, RuthVerde, AlejandraGarcía, Elia Mmetalsmarine sedimentsintervened areaspollution indicatorsVenezuelametalessedimentos marinosáreas intervenidasindicadores de contaminaciónVenezuelaVenezuelan oil exploration and exploitation activities have been taking place since the 18th century. These long-term activities are closely related to heavy metal contamination because of the increasing input of toxic pollutants. Variations in heavy metal concentrations can cause, among other things, changes in metal distribution patterns, alterations in biogeochemical cycles, and increments in environmental and biological risks. The need for a complete baseline on heavy metal concentrations along the Venezuelan coast is critical. For this reason, we present the concentrations, distribution, and degree of contamination of 9 heavy metals (barium, mercury, copper, nickel, chromium, cadmium, zinc, lead, and vanadium) in marine sediments along the Venezuelan coast. We used the enrichment factor, the geoaccumulation index, and the mean effects range median quotients to evaluate the degree of contamination, comparing areas with and without intervention. Our results indicate that higher concentrations of these heavy metals are associated with places with greater anthropic activity, especially on the central and eastern coasts of Venezuela. Only cadmium showed extremely severe enrichment and a high degree of contamination. The biohazard potential was between 12% and 30% and was primarily associated with locations having high oil activity, which suggests that these places must be monitored, given the potential hazard they represent. This work encompasses the distribution and concentration of 9 heavy metals along the Venezuelan coast and takes relevance as a baseline for heavy metal concentrations and pollution indicators in marine sediments for Venezuela and the Caribbean.Desde el siglo XVIII, en Venezuela, se han llevado a cabo actividades de exploración y explotación de hidrocarburos. Estas actividades de largo plazo han estado estrechamente relacionadas con la contaminación por metales pesados, debido a un incremento en la producción de sustancias contaminantes. Las variaciones en las concentraciones de estas sustancias pueden causar cambios en los patrones de distribución de metales, alteración de los ciclos biogeoquímicos e incremento en el riesgo biológico, entre otras cosas. Es imperante elaborar una línea base de metales pesados en la costa de Venezuela. En este trabajo se presentan las concentraciones, la distribución y el grado de contaminación de 9 metales pesados (bario, mercurio, cobre, níquel, cromo, cadmio, zinc, plomo y vanadio) en los sedimentos marinos de la costa de Venezuela. Se usó el factor de enriquecimiento, el índice de geoacumulación y los cocientes promedio del efecto de rango medio para evaluar el grado de contaminación y comparar áreas con y sin intervención. Nuestros resultados indican que las mayores concentraciones de metales pesados están asociados a lugares con mayor actividad antropogénica, principalmente en la costa central y la costa este de Venezuela. Solamente el cadmio mostró un severo enriquecimiento y un alto grado de contaminación. El potencial de riesgo biológico estuvo entre el 12% y el 30% y estuvo asociado principalmente a las instalaciones petroleras, lo que sugiere que estos lugares deben ser monitoreados debido al riesgo potencial que representan. Este trabajo abarca la concentración y la distribución de 9 metales pesados a lo largo de la costa venezolana y es relevante por ser una línea base de referencia de metales pesados e indicadores de contaminación en los sedimentos marinos de Venezuela y el Caribe.Iniversidad Autónoma de Baja California2021-09-29info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPeer-reviewed Article Artículo Arbitradoapplication/pdftext/xmltext/xmlhttps://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/312410.7773/cm.v47i3.3124Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 47 No. 3 (2021); 185–199Ciencias Marinas; Vol. 47 Núm. 3 (2021); 185–1992395-90530185-3880reponame:Ciencias Marinasinstname:UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE BAJA CALIFORNIAinstacron:UABCengspahttps://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420575https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420810https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/3124/420420812Copyright (c) 2021 Ciencias Marinashttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:cienciasmarinas.com.mx:article/31242024-08-22T17:01:42Z
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