Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands
Marine and subaerial erosion of volcanic ocean islands form coastal cliffs and shore platforms, particularly during stable sea levels. Posterosional lava flows can spill over these coastal cliffs and fill the platforms, leading to the progradation of lava deltas. This work aims to analyze this volca...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universidad de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dnet:ubarcelona__::3733b2478783eb2c5ffa9b70984981a7 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/228888 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Cendres volcàniques Vulcanologia Sòls volcànics Roques volcàniques Lava Hierro (Canàries) Volcanic ash Volcanology Volcanic soils Volcanic rocks Hierro (Canary Islands) |
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Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary IslandsRodriguez-Gonzalez, AlejandroFernandez-Turiel, Jose-LuisAulinas Juncà, MeritxellCabrera, M.C.Prieto-Torrell, ClaudiaRodriguez, G.A.Guillou, H.Perez-Torrado, Francisco JoseCendres volcàniquesVulcanologiaSòls volcànicsRoques volcàniquesLavaHierro (Canàries)Volcanic ashVolcanologyVolcanic soilsVolcanic rocksLavaHierro (Canary Islands)Marine and subaerial erosion of volcanic ocean islands form coastal cliffs and shore platforms, particularly during stable sea levels. Posterosional lava flows can spill over these coastal cliffs and fill the platforms, leading to the progradation of lava deltas. This work aims to analyze this volcanic rocky coast setting at the island scale and to assess the volcanic constructional and erosive degradational effects on the coast at the scale of one volcanic edifice. El Hierro Island, Canary Islands, exemplifies a rocky coast with an active sea-cliff profile, reflecting its early evolutionary stage as a young ocean volcanic island with no fringing reef. The occurrence of a contemporary insular shelf formed during the Holocene sea-level highstand (<7 ka) allows constraining the ages of those eruptions forming lava deltas affecting this geomorphological landform. A detailed bathymetry around the island allowed us to distinguish 17 eruptions fulfilling this criterion. The Montaña del Tesoro, which occurred about 1050 years BP, is one of these eruptions and was selected as a case study for morphometric modeling integrating subaerial and submarine data at the scale of a volcanic edifice. This eruption was a Strombolian basaltic volcanic event that produced a scoria cone, pyroclastic fall deposits, and lava flows that reached the ocean in the eastern rift zone of El Hierro island. We combine field-based observations with topographic and bathymetric data analysis to reconstruct the pre- and post-eruption Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and, comparing with present-day DEM, to analyze morphometrically the influence of volcanism on the coastal landscape's development. The resulting landform complexity required the discretization of the lava field according to the coastline evolution and lava front sectors, and the subaerial or submarine lava placement. The pyroclastic materials' total erupted bulk volume (12,829,578 m<sup>3</sup>) corresponds to a volcanic eruption index (VEI) of 3. This event was primarily effusive. From a dense rock equivalent (DRE) volume of 25,615,424 m<sup>3</sup>, 87 % flowed as lava, 10 % formed the cinder cone, and 3 % the tephra fall deposits. We quantitatively demonstrate that dominant degradation occurs in the lava field, mainly disturbed by marine erosion. Marine erosion removed 9 % of the erupted volume of lava flows against 1 % by fluvial erosion. This work provides methods and results of great interest with different implications in oceanic volcanic islands, among which we can mention coastal planning (e.g., rock coast evolution) and volcanic risk assessment (e.g., the importance of Holocene sea-level rise on the development of shore platforms facilitating the progradation of lava deltas).Elsevier B.V.2022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/228888Articles publicats en revistes (Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada)reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108427Geomorphology, 2022, vol. 416https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108427cc-by (c) Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro et al., 2022https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:ubarcelona__::3733b2478783eb2c5ffa9b70984981a72026-05-27T06:46:51Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| title |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| spellingShingle |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Cendres volcàniques Vulcanologia Sòls volcànics Roques volcàniques Lava Hierro (Canàries) Volcanic ash Volcanology Volcanic soils Volcanic rocks Lava Hierro (Canary Islands) |
| title_short |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| title_full |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| title_fullStr |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| title_sort |
Lava deltas, a key landform in oceanic volcanic islands: El Hierro, Canary Islands |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Fernandez-Turiel, Jose-Luis Aulinas Juncà, Meritxell Cabrera, M.C. Prieto-Torrell, Claudia Rodriguez, G.A. Guillou, H. Perez-Torrado, Francisco Jose |
| author |
Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro |
| author_facet |
Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro Fernandez-Turiel, Jose-Luis Aulinas Juncà, Meritxell Cabrera, M.C. Prieto-Torrell, Claudia Rodriguez, G.A. Guillou, H. Perez-Torrado, Francisco Jose |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Fernandez-Turiel, Jose-Luis Aulinas Juncà, Meritxell Cabrera, M.C. Prieto-Torrell, Claudia Rodriguez, G.A. Guillou, H. Perez-Torrado, Francisco Jose |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Cendres volcàniques Vulcanologia Sòls volcànics Roques volcàniques Lava Hierro (Canàries) Volcanic ash Volcanology Volcanic soils Volcanic rocks Lava Hierro (Canary Islands) |
| topic |
Cendres volcàniques Vulcanologia Sòls volcànics Roques volcàniques Lava Hierro (Canàries) Volcanic ash Volcanology Volcanic soils Volcanic rocks Lava Hierro (Canary Islands) |
| description |
Marine and subaerial erosion of volcanic ocean islands form coastal cliffs and shore platforms, particularly during stable sea levels. Posterosional lava flows can spill over these coastal cliffs and fill the platforms, leading to the progradation of lava deltas. This work aims to analyze this volcanic rocky coast setting at the island scale and to assess the volcanic constructional and erosive degradational effects on the coast at the scale of one volcanic edifice. El Hierro Island, Canary Islands, exemplifies a rocky coast with an active sea-cliff profile, reflecting its early evolutionary stage as a young ocean volcanic island with no fringing reef. The occurrence of a contemporary insular shelf formed during the Holocene sea-level highstand (<7 ka) allows constraining the ages of those eruptions forming lava deltas affecting this geomorphological landform. A detailed bathymetry around the island allowed us to distinguish 17 eruptions fulfilling this criterion. The Montaña del Tesoro, which occurred about 1050 years BP, is one of these eruptions and was selected as a case study for morphometric modeling integrating subaerial and submarine data at the scale of a volcanic edifice. This eruption was a Strombolian basaltic volcanic event that produced a scoria cone, pyroclastic fall deposits, and lava flows that reached the ocean in the eastern rift zone of El Hierro island. We combine field-based observations with topographic and bathymetric data analysis to reconstruct the pre- and post-eruption Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and, comparing with present-day DEM, to analyze morphometrically the influence of volcanism on the coastal landscape's development. The resulting landform complexity required the discretization of the lava field according to the coastline evolution and lava front sectors, and the subaerial or submarine lava placement. The pyroclastic materials' total erupted bulk volume (12,829,578 m<sup>3</sup>) corresponds to a volcanic eruption index (VEI) of 3. This event was primarily effusive. From a dense rock equivalent (DRE) volume of 25,615,424 m<sup>3</sup>, 87 % flowed as lava, 10 % formed the cinder cone, and 3 % the tephra fall deposits. We quantitatively demonstrate that dominant degradation occurs in the lava field, mainly disturbed by marine erosion. Marine erosion removed 9 % of the erupted volume of lava flows against 1 % by fluvial erosion. This work provides methods and results of great interest with different implications in oceanic volcanic islands, among which we can mention coastal planning (e.g., rock coast evolution) and volcanic risk assessment (e.g., the importance of Holocene sea-level rise on the development of shore platforms facilitating the progradation of lava deltas). |
| publishDate |
2022 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022 |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| format |
article |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/228888 |
| url |
https://hdl.handle.net/2445/228888 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv |
Inglés |
| language_invalid_str_mv |
Inglés |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108427 Geomorphology, 2022, vol. 416 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108427 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv |
cc-by (c) Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro et al., 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| rights_invalid_str_mv |
cc-by (c) Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro et al., 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Elsevier B.V. |
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Elsevier B.V. |
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Articles publicats en revistes (Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada) reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB instname:Universidad de Barcelona |
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Universidad de Barcelona |
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Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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