Agricultural Land Use Change after NAFTA in Central West Mexico

It has been suggested that agricultural land use change and modernization in agricultural production techniques are related to the loss of crop diversity. Two processes contribute to this loss; first is the replacement of landraces by modern varieties, and second is the abandonment of traditional cr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Orozco Ramírez, Quetzalcóatl, Astier, Marta, Barrasa García, Sara
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/94644
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/94644
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:911.373(72)
Crop diversity
Michoacán
Maize races
Avocado
Cash crops
Agricultural modernization
NAFTA
Landscape transformation
Ciencias Sociales
Geografía
Geografía regional
Geografía humana
54 Geografía
5404 Geografía Regional
5404.02 Geografía Rural
5403.05 Geografía Política
5401.04 desarrollo Regional
Descripción
Sumario:It has been suggested that agricultural land use change and modernization in agricultural production techniques are related to the loss of crop diversity. Two processes contribute to this loss; first is the replacement of landraces by modern varieties, and second is the abandonment of traditional crops in favor of cash crops. We studied the expression of these processes in a region that is both an agro-biodiversity and cultural center and one of the most significant fruit exporters of Mexico. We analyzed agricultural change based on the transformation of cropping areas and the primary crops’ locations in Michoacán state. We examined the crop-harvested area statistics from 1950 to 2015, and identified 23 crops as the most important in terms of harvested area and monetary value. After NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement), harvested area for nine crops changed significantly: seven crops increased, and two decreased. Positive trends were observed for commercial fruits oriented to export markets, and negative trends were observed for traditional crops. These crops, such as beans and maize, are important for food security. Additionally, we analyzed how these land-use and agricultural changes overlap in zones of maize planted-area change. Using a maize-race collection database, we identified three native maize races that could be at risk due to the abandonment of maize in favor of commercial crops.