Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond

Recent initiatives related to the Metaverse focus on better visualisation, like augmented or virtual reality, but also persistent digital objects. To guarantee real ownership of these digital objects, open systems based on public blockchains and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are emerging together with...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: García González, Roberto, Cediel, Ana, Teixidó Cairol, Mercè, Gil Iranzo, Rosa María
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Recursos:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Repositorio:Repositori Obert UdL
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/464537
Acesso em linha:https://doi.org/10.1145/3585387
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/464537
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Metaverse
Social media
Non-fungible token
Ontology
Copyright
Blockchain
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spelling Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and BeyondGarcía González, RobertoCediel, AnaTeixidó Cairol, MercèGil Iranzo, Rosa MaríaMetaverseSocial mediaNon-fungible tokenOntologyCopyrightBlockchainRecent initiatives related to the Metaverse focus on better visualisation, like augmented or virtual reality, but also persistent digital objects. To guarantee real ownership of these digital objects, open systems based on public blockchains and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are emerging together with a nascent decentralized and open creator economy. To manage this emerging economy in a more organised way, and fight the so common NFT plagiarism, we propose CopyrightLY, a decentralized application for authorship and copyright management. It provides means to claim content authorship, including supporting evidence. Content and metadata are stored in decentralized storage and registered on the blockchain. A token is used to curate these claims, and potential complaints, by staking it on them. Staking is incentivized by the fact that the token is minted using a bonding curve. The tokenomics include the resolution of complaints and enabling the monetization of curated claims. Monetization is achieved through licensing NFTs with metadata enhanced by semantic technologies. Semantic data makes explicit the reuse conditions transferred with the token while keeping the connection to the underlying copyright claims to improve the trustability of the NFTs. Moreover, the semantic metadata is flexible enough to enable licensing not just in the real world. Licenses can refer to reuses in specific locations in a metaverse, thus facilitating the emergence of creative economies in them.This work was partially supported by project CopyrightLY - ONTOCHAIN, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 957338, and project "ANGRU: Applying kNowledge Graphs to research data ReUsability" with reference PID2020-117912RB-C22 and funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)2023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1145/3585387https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/464537reponame:Repositori Obert UdL instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117912RB-C22Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1145/3585387ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, 2024, vol. 20, núm. 7, article No.: 186, p. 1–20info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/957338cc-by (c) The owner/authors, 2024info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4645372026-06-24T12:42:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
title Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
spellingShingle Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
García González, Roberto
Metaverse
Social media
Non-fungible token
Ontology
Copyright
Blockchain
title_short Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
title_full Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
title_fullStr Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
title_full_unstemmed Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
title_sort Semantics and Non-Fungible Tokens for Copyright Management on the Metaverse and Beyond
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García González, Roberto
Cediel, Ana
Teixidó Cairol, Mercè
Gil Iranzo, Rosa María
author García González, Roberto
author_facet García González, Roberto
Cediel, Ana
Teixidó Cairol, Mercè
Gil Iranzo, Rosa María
author_role author
author2 Cediel, Ana
Teixidó Cairol, Mercè
Gil Iranzo, Rosa María
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Metaverse
Social media
Non-fungible token
Ontology
Copyright
Blockchain
topic Metaverse
Social media
Non-fungible token
Ontology
Copyright
Blockchain
description Recent initiatives related to the Metaverse focus on better visualisation, like augmented or virtual reality, but also persistent digital objects. To guarantee real ownership of these digital objects, open systems based on public blockchains and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are emerging together with a nascent decentralized and open creator economy. To manage this emerging economy in a more organised way, and fight the so common NFT plagiarism, we propose CopyrightLY, a decentralized application for authorship and copyright management. It provides means to claim content authorship, including supporting evidence. Content and metadata are stored in decentralized storage and registered on the blockchain. A token is used to curate these claims, and potential complaints, by staking it on them. Staking is incentivized by the fact that the token is minted using a bonding curve. The tokenomics include the resolution of complaints and enabling the monetization of curated claims. Monetization is achieved through licensing NFTs with metadata enhanced by semantic technologies. Semantic data makes explicit the reuse conditions transferred with the token while keeping the connection to the underlying copyright claims to improve the trustability of the NFTs. Moreover, the semantic metadata is flexible enough to enable licensing not just in the real world. Licenses can refer to reuses in specific locations in a metaverse, thus facilitating the emergence of creative economies in them.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1145/3585387
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/464537
url https://doi.org/10.1145/3585387
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/464537
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-117912RB-C22
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1145/3585387
ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, 2024, vol. 20, núm. 7, article No.: 186, p. 1–20
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/957338
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) The owner/authors, 2024
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) The owner/authors, 2024
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositori Obert UdL
instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
instname_str Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
reponame_str Repositori Obert UdL
collection Repositori Obert UdL
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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