Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b

Characterising the atmospheres of exoplanets is key to understanding their nature and provides hints about their formation and evolution. High resolution measurements of the helium triplet absorption of highly irradiated planets have been recently reported, which provide a new means of studying thei...

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Autores: Lampón, M., López-Puertas, M., Sanz Forcada, J., Sánchez-López, A., Molaverdikhani, K., Czesla, S., Quirrenbach, A., Pallé, E., Caballero, J. A., Henning, Th., Salz, M., Nortmann, L., Aceituno, J., Amado, P. J., Bauer, F. F., Montes Gutiérrez, David, Nagel, E., Reiners, A., Ribas, I.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/8087
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8087
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:52
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Astrofísica
Astronomía (Física)
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spelling Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 bLampón, M.López-Puertas, M.Sanz Forcada, J.Sánchez-López, A.Molaverdikhani, K.Czesla, S.Quirrenbach, A.Pallé, E.Caballero, J. A.Henning, Th.Salz, M.Nortmann, L.Aceituno, J.Amado, P. J.Bauer, F. F.Montes Gutiérrez, DavidNagel, E.Reiners, A.Ribas, I.52AstronomyAstrophysicsAstrofísicaAstronomía (Física)Characterising the atmospheres of exoplanets is key to understanding their nature and provides hints about their formation and evolution. High resolution measurements of the helium triplet absorption of highly irradiated planets have been recently reported, which provide a new means of studying their atmospheric escape. In this work we study the escape of the upper atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b by analysing high resolution He i triplet absorption measurements and using a 1D hydrodynamic spherically symmetric model coupled with a non-local thermodynamic model for the He i triplet state. We also use the H density derived from Lyα observations to further constrain their temperatures, mass-loss rates, and H/He ratios. We have significantly improved our knowledge of the upper atmospheres of these planets. While HD 189733 b has a rather compressed atmosphere and small gas radial velocities, GJ 3470 b, on the other hand with a gravitational potential ten times smaller, exhibits a very extended atmosphere and large radial outflow velocities. Hence, although GJ 3470 b is much less irradiated in the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation, and its upper atmosphere is much cooler, it evaporates at a comparable rate. In particular, we find that the upper atmosphere of HD 189733 b is compact and hot, with a maximum temperature of 12 400^(+400)_(−300) K, with a very low mean molecular mass (H/He=(99.2/0.8)±0.1), which is almost fully ionised above 1.1 R_(P), and with a mass-loss rate of (1.1±0.1) × 10^(11) g s^(−1). In contrast, the upper atmosphere of GJ 3470 b is highly extended and relatively cold, with a maximum temperature of 5100±900 K, also with a very low mean molecular mass (H/He=(98.5/1.5)^(+1.0)_(−1.5)), which is not strongly ionised, and with a mass-loss rate of (1.9±1.1) × 10^(11) gs^(−1). Furthermore, our results suggest that upper atmospheres of giant planets undergoing hydrodynamic escape tend to have a very low mean molecular mass (H/He ˃̰ 97/3).EDP ScienciesUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20212021-03-2320212021-03-23journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8087reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/80872026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
title Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
spellingShingle Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
Lampón, M.
52
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Astrofísica
Astronomía (Física)
title_short Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
title_full Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
title_fullStr Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
title_full_unstemmed Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
title_sort Modelling the He I triplet absorption at 10 830 Å in the atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Lampón, M.
López-Puertas, M.
Sanz Forcada, J.
Sánchez-López, A.
Molaverdikhani, K.
Czesla, S.
Quirrenbach, A.
Pallé, E.
Caballero, J. A.
Henning, Th.
Salz, M.
Nortmann, L.
Aceituno, J.
Amado, P. J.
Bauer, F. F.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Nagel, E.
Reiners, A.
Ribas, I.
author Lampón, M.
author_facet Lampón, M.
López-Puertas, M.
Sanz Forcada, J.
Sánchez-López, A.
Molaverdikhani, K.
Czesla, S.
Quirrenbach, A.
Pallé, E.
Caballero, J. A.
Henning, Th.
Salz, M.
Nortmann, L.
Aceituno, J.
Amado, P. J.
Bauer, F. F.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Nagel, E.
Reiners, A.
Ribas, I.
author_role author
author2 López-Puertas, M.
Sanz Forcada, J.
Sánchez-López, A.
Molaverdikhani, K.
Czesla, S.
Quirrenbach, A.
Pallé, E.
Caballero, J. A.
Henning, Th.
Salz, M.
Nortmann, L.
Aceituno, J.
Amado, P. J.
Bauer, F. F.
Montes Gutiérrez, David
Nagel, E.
Reiners, A.
Ribas, I.
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 52
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Astrofísica
Astronomía (Física)
topic 52
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Astrofísica
Astronomía (Física)
description Characterising the atmospheres of exoplanets is key to understanding their nature and provides hints about their formation and evolution. High resolution measurements of the helium triplet absorption of highly irradiated planets have been recently reported, which provide a new means of studying their atmospheric escape. In this work we study the escape of the upper atmospheres of HD 189733 b and GJ 3470 b by analysing high resolution He i triplet absorption measurements and using a 1D hydrodynamic spherically symmetric model coupled with a non-local thermodynamic model for the He i triplet state. We also use the H density derived from Lyα observations to further constrain their temperatures, mass-loss rates, and H/He ratios. We have significantly improved our knowledge of the upper atmospheres of these planets. While HD 189733 b has a rather compressed atmosphere and small gas radial velocities, GJ 3470 b, on the other hand with a gravitational potential ten times smaller, exhibits a very extended atmosphere and large radial outflow velocities. Hence, although GJ 3470 b is much less irradiated in the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation, and its upper atmosphere is much cooler, it evaporates at a comparable rate. In particular, we find that the upper atmosphere of HD 189733 b is compact and hot, with a maximum temperature of 12 400^(+400)_(−300) K, with a very low mean molecular mass (H/He=(99.2/0.8)±0.1), which is almost fully ionised above 1.1 R_(P), and with a mass-loss rate of (1.1±0.1) × 10^(11) g s^(−1). In contrast, the upper atmosphere of GJ 3470 b is highly extended and relatively cold, with a maximum temperature of 5100±900 K, also with a very low mean molecular mass (H/He=(98.5/1.5)^(+1.0)_(−1.5)), which is not strongly ionised, and with a mass-loss rate of (1.9±1.1) × 10^(11) gs^(−1). Furthermore, our results suggest that upper atmospheres of giant planets undergoing hydrodynamic escape tend to have a very low mean molecular mass (H/He ˃̰ 97/3).
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021-03-23
2021
2021-03-23
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8087
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8087
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciencies
publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciencies
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,223283

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