Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings

13 pages (final publisher version), 28 pages (attached post-print version).-- Printed version published on July 2005.

Bibliographic Details
Authors: López-Arce, Paula, García-Guinea, Javier
Format: article
Publication Date:2004
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/7906
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/7906
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Heritage
Historical buildings
Bricks
Physical, chemical and biological weathering
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spelling Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildingsLópez-Arce, PaulaGarcía-Guinea, JavierHeritageHistorical buildingsBricksPhysical, chemical and biological weathering13 pages (final publisher version), 28 pages (attached post-print version).-- Printed version published on July 2005.The aim of this work was to determine the type of weathering suffered by bricks belonging to a number of historic buildings in Toledo, Spain. These bricks had been exposed to either aerial or burial environments, came from different places in the selected buildings, were of different mineralogical composition, and had been fired at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and the analysis of their physical properties showed the best conserved to be those that had been buried. Buried Roman bricks made from non-calcareous materials fired at >900°C and with a vitrified matrix showed few signs of weathering. Buried Islamic and Mudejar-Romanesque bricks made from calcareous clays and fired at temperatures of <800°C were similarly well conserved. These showed calcareous cementation of their pore systems, which improved their physical properties. Bricks from the external and internal walls of buildings (e.g., Islamic–Mudejar and Romanesque bricks from inner courtyards and cellars) that had been exposed to aerial conditions were less well conserved. These were made from calcareous materials and had been fired at high temperatures (> 900°C). They showed a number of weathering traces but overall were still in relatively good condition. The worst conserved of all were neoclassical bricks from upper storey internal walls. These were made of calcareous material and had been fired at temperatures of between 800 and 900°C.The mineralogical composition of the raw materials, the firing temperature, the location of the bricks in the buildings, the environments to which they had been exposed, the action of natural or polluted filtration water, the action of microorganisms and the reigning environmental conditions, all contributed towards the state of conservation of the bricks. Such knowledge may help in the choice of appropriate cleaning or restoration treatments for architectural heritage of brick construction.This work was supported by Spanish project MCYT IFD 1997-0561 and agreement CICYT-JCCM (2002–2004).Peer reviewedElsevier200820082004info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_65011155369 bytesapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/7906reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.08.027info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/79062026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
title Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
spellingShingle Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
López-Arce, Paula
Heritage
Historical buildings
Bricks
Physical, chemical and biological weathering
title_short Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
title_full Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
title_fullStr Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
title_full_unstemmed Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
title_sort Weathering traces in ancient bricks from historical buildings
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López-Arce, Paula
García-Guinea, Javier
author López-Arce, Paula
author_facet López-Arce, Paula
García-Guinea, Javier
author_role author
author2 García-Guinea, Javier
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Heritage
Historical buildings
Bricks
Physical, chemical and biological weathering
topic Heritage
Historical buildings
Bricks
Physical, chemical and biological weathering
description 13 pages (final publisher version), 28 pages (attached post-print version).-- Printed version published on July 2005.
publishDate 2004
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2004
2008
2008
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/7906
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/7906
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.08.027
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 1155369 bytes
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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