Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds

Biologists have long noted that endotherms tend to have larger bodies (Bergmann’s rule) and shorter appendages (Allen’s rule) in colder environments. Nevertheless, many taxonomic groups appear not to conform to these ‘rules’, and general explanations for these frequent exceptions are currently lacki...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Baldwin, Justin W., García Porta, Joan, Botero, Carlos A.
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/121883
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121883
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:598.2
591.1
591.5
575.8
Animal physiology
Evolution
Evolutionary ecology
Macroecology
Zoología
Aves
Fisiología animal (Biología)
Ecología (Biología)
Evolución
2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)
2401.20 Ornitología
2401.13 Fisiología Animal
2401.06 Ecología Animal
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/121883
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repository_id_str
spelling Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birdsBaldwin, Justin W.García Porta, JoanBotero, Carlos A.598.2591.1591.5575.8Animal physiologyEvolutionEvolutionary ecologyMacroecologyZoologíaAvesFisiología animal (Biología)Ecología (Biología)Evolución2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)2401.20 Ornitología2401.13 Fisiología Animal2401.06 Ecología AnimalBiologists have long noted that endotherms tend to have larger bodies (Bergmann’s rule) and shorter appendages (Allen’s rule) in colder environments. Nevertheless, many taxonomic groups appear not to conform to these ‘rules’, and general explanations for these frequent exceptions are currently lacking. Here we note that by combining complementary changes in body and extremity size, lineages could theoretically respond to thermal gradients with smaller changes in either trait than those predicted by either Bergmann’s or Allen’s rule alone. To test this idea, we leverage geographic, ecological, phylogenetic, and morphological data on 6,974 non-migratory terrestrial bird species, and show that stronger family-wide changes in bill size over thermal gradients are correlated with more muted changes in body size. Additionally, we show that most bird families exhibit weak but appropriately directed changes in both traits, supporting the notion of complementarity in Bergmann’s and Allen’s rules. Finally, we show that the few families that exhibit significant gradients in either bill or body size, tend to be more speciose, widely distributed, or ecologically constrained. Our findings validate Bergmann’s and Allen’s logic and remind us that body and bill size are simply convenient proxies for their true quantity of interest: the surface-to-volume ratio.Springer NatureUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20232023-07-1520232023-07-15journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121883reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1218832026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
title Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
spellingShingle Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
Baldwin, Justin W.
598.2
591.1
591.5
575.8
Animal physiology
Evolution
Evolutionary ecology
Macroecology
Zoología
Aves
Fisiología animal (Biología)
Ecología (Biología)
Evolución
2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)
2401.20 Ornitología
2401.13 Fisiología Animal
2401.06 Ecología Animal
title_short Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
title_full Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
title_fullStr Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
title_full_unstemmed Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
title_sort Complementarity in Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules among birds
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Baldwin, Justin W.
García Porta, Joan
Botero, Carlos A.
author Baldwin, Justin W.
author_facet Baldwin, Justin W.
García Porta, Joan
Botero, Carlos A.
author_role author
author2 García Porta, Joan
Botero, Carlos A.
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 598.2
591.1
591.5
575.8
Animal physiology
Evolution
Evolutionary ecology
Macroecology
Zoología
Aves
Fisiología animal (Biología)
Ecología (Biología)
Evolución
2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)
2401.20 Ornitología
2401.13 Fisiología Animal
2401.06 Ecología Animal
topic 598.2
591.1
591.5
575.8
Animal physiology
Evolution
Evolutionary ecology
Macroecology
Zoología
Aves
Fisiología animal (Biología)
Ecología (Biología)
Evolución
2401 Biología Animal (Zoología)
2401.20 Ornitología
2401.13 Fisiología Animal
2401.06 Ecología Animal
description Biologists have long noted that endotherms tend to have larger bodies (Bergmann’s rule) and shorter appendages (Allen’s rule) in colder environments. Nevertheless, many taxonomic groups appear not to conform to these ‘rules’, and general explanations for these frequent exceptions are currently lacking. Here we note that by combining complementary changes in body and extremity size, lineages could theoretically respond to thermal gradients with smaller changes in either trait than those predicted by either Bergmann’s or Allen’s rule alone. To test this idea, we leverage geographic, ecological, phylogenetic, and morphological data on 6,974 non-migratory terrestrial bird species, and show that stronger family-wide changes in bill size over thermal gradients are correlated with more muted changes in body size. Additionally, we show that most bird families exhibit weak but appropriately directed changes in both traits, supporting the notion of complementarity in Bergmann’s and Allen’s rules. Finally, we show that the few families that exhibit significant gradients in either bill or body size, tend to be more speciose, widely distributed, or ecologically constrained. Our findings validate Bergmann’s and Allen’s logic and remind us that body and bill size are simply convenient proxies for their true quantity of interest: the surface-to-volume ratio.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2023-07-15
2023
2023-07-15
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121883
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121883
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.198674

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