Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios

ue to the effects of climate change, Andalusia is evolving from a Mediterranean to an arid-dry climate. In this context, there is a growing social interest in providing thermal comfort conditions, also in schools. Most public secondary schools in Andalusia are obsolete in energy terms and 95 % of th...

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Autores: Llanos-Jiménez, Jesús, Alonso Carrillo, Alicia, Hepf, Christian, Borja Torrejón, Manuel de
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:idus.us.es:11441/171890
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/171890
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112404
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Retrofit potential index
Natural ventilation
Energy consumption
Indoor environmental quality
Climate change
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spelling Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenariosLlanos-Jiménez, JesúsAlonso Carrillo, AliciaHepf, ChristianBorja Torrejón, Manuel deRetrofit potential indexNatural ventilationEnergy consumptionIndoor environmental qualityClimate changeue to the effects of climate change, Andalusia is evolving from a Mediterranean to an arid-dry climate. In this context, there is a growing social interest in providing thermal comfort conditions, also in schools. Most public secondary schools in Andalusia are obsolete in energy terms and 95 % of them rely exclusively on natural ventilation to keep classrooms cool and ensure indoor air quality. There is an urgent need to determine which schools require priority retrofitting as, despite economic constraints, non-compliance has a negative impact on pupils’ health and increases CO2 emissions with environmental impact. The main objective and primary novelty of this study is to establish a flexible weighted Retrofit Potential Index (RPIweighted) to objectively and simultaneously assess retrofitting needs by considering energy consumption, thermal comfort (TC) and indoor air quality (IAQ) under present and future climate change projections. To test it, energy models of archetypal schools were developed and validated. The diagnostic results show a decreasing trend in energy intensity use of between 4.7 and 8.8 kWh/m2·yr due to the demand reduction of the only thermal conditioning system, heating. Furthermore, winter thermal comfort issues could be reduced by 10–30 %, leading to widespread vulnerability in summer with a 20–85 % increase in overheating. The results show some difficulty in meeting indoor air quality regulatory requirements, even during the current scenario. RPIweighted results indicated a need for renovation and could not only serves as a diagnostic tool but also as a design tool for retrofitting proposals.ElsevierConstrucciones Arquitectónicas I2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/171890https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112404reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésJournal of Building Engineering, 105, 112404.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710225006412info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:idus.us.es:11441/1718902026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
title Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
spellingShingle Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
Llanos-Jiménez, Jesús
Retrofit potential index
Natural ventilation
Energy consumption
Indoor environmental quality
Climate change
title_short Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
title_full Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
title_fullStr Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
title_sort Assessment of Mediterranean schools’ energy consumption and indoor environmental factors evolution through weighted Retrofit Potential Index in climate change scenarios
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Llanos-Jiménez, Jesús
Alonso Carrillo, Alicia
Hepf, Christian
Borja Torrejón, Manuel de
author Llanos-Jiménez, Jesús
author_facet Llanos-Jiménez, Jesús
Alonso Carrillo, Alicia
Hepf, Christian
Borja Torrejón, Manuel de
author_role author
author2 Alonso Carrillo, Alicia
Hepf, Christian
Borja Torrejón, Manuel de
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Construcciones Arquitectónicas I
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Retrofit potential index
Natural ventilation
Energy consumption
Indoor environmental quality
Climate change
topic Retrofit potential index
Natural ventilation
Energy consumption
Indoor environmental quality
Climate change
description ue to the effects of climate change, Andalusia is evolving from a Mediterranean to an arid-dry climate. In this context, there is a growing social interest in providing thermal comfort conditions, also in schools. Most public secondary schools in Andalusia are obsolete in energy terms and 95 % of them rely exclusively on natural ventilation to keep classrooms cool and ensure indoor air quality. There is an urgent need to determine which schools require priority retrofitting as, despite economic constraints, non-compliance has a negative impact on pupils’ health and increases CO2 emissions with environmental impact. The main objective and primary novelty of this study is to establish a flexible weighted Retrofit Potential Index (RPIweighted) to objectively and simultaneously assess retrofitting needs by considering energy consumption, thermal comfort (TC) and indoor air quality (IAQ) under present and future climate change projections. To test it, energy models of archetypal schools were developed and validated. The diagnostic results show a decreasing trend in energy intensity use of between 4.7 and 8.8 kWh/m2·yr due to the demand reduction of the only thermal conditioning system, heating. Furthermore, winter thermal comfort issues could be reduced by 10–30 %, leading to widespread vulnerability in summer with a 20–85 % increase in overheating. The results show some difficulty in meeting indoor air quality regulatory requirements, even during the current scenario. RPIweighted results indicated a need for renovation and could not only serves as a diagnostic tool but also as a design tool for retrofitting proposals.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/171890
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112404
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/171890
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2025.112404
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Building Engineering, 105, 112404.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710225006412
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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