Tolerance and intraguild commensalism: the case of the European badger and the Iberian lynx

As a top predator, the Iberian Lynx plays a critical role in regulating mesocarnivore communities across the Iberian Peninsula. While species such as the red fox, the Egyptian mongoose, or the European wildcat develop spatial or temporal avoidance behaviours to minimise potentially lethal encounters...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Pérez-Vigo, Isabel, Ferreras, Pablo, Finat, Rafael, Villafuerte, Rafael
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/392632
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/392632
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Competition
Top predator
European rabbit 
Predation
Lynx pardinus
Meles meles
Descripción
Sumario:As a top predator, the Iberian Lynx plays a critical role in regulating mesocarnivore communities across the Iberian Peninsula. While species such as the red fox, the Egyptian mongoose, or the European wildcat develop spatial or temporal avoidance behaviours to minimise potentially lethal encounters with the lynx, the relationship between the Eurasian badger and the lynx has been described as one of peaceful coexistence. However, this has not been empirically demonstrated. For the first time, we document close encounters observed between Iberian lynxes and European badgers and shed light on their behavioural interactions. Using camera traps in Montes de Toledo, Spain—an area with a high-density lynx population – we observed that lynxes stayed attentive to the badgers’ activities without showing any signs of alertness, rejection or aggression, between them. These observations challenge traditional assumptions about interspecies interactions among mesocarnivores and provide new insights into the complex dynamics of predator communities in Mediterranean ecosystems.