Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks

Galvanic sludge wastes (GSW) are produced by the physico-chemical treatments of wastewater generated by electroplating plants. These materials have a significant potential for the production of clay ceramic bricks. This paper focuses on the viability of the inertization of heavy metals from GSW mixe...

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Authors: Pérez-Villarejo, L., Martínez-Martínez, Sergio, Carrasco Hurtado, Bartolomé, Eliche-Quesada, Dolores, Ureña-Nieto, C., Sánchez-Soto, Pedro José
Format: article
Status:Versión aceptada para publicación
Publication Date:2015
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/109515
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/109515
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Galvanic sludge waste
Clay ceramics
Bricks
Inertization
Valorization
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spelling Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricksPérez-Villarejo, L.Martínez-Martínez, SergioCarrasco Hurtado, BartoloméEliche-Quesada, DoloresUreña-Nieto, C.Sánchez-Soto, Pedro JoséGalvanic sludge wasteClay ceramicsBricksInertizationValorizationGalvanic sludge wastes (GSW) are produced by the physico-chemical treatments of wastewater generated by electroplating plants. These materials have a significant potential for the production of clay ceramic bricks. This paper focuses on the viability of the inertization of heavy metals from GSW mixed with clays. The original materials were obtained by mixing three types of raw clay (red, yellow and black) in equal parts with GSW. These mixtures were characterized by XRD, XRF, and chemical elemental analysis CHNS. The dosage of GSW in the clay–GSW bricks was up to 5 wt.%. The bricks were then manufactured using conventional processes. The influence of the amount of GSW was evaluated after firing the clay–GSW composites at 950 °C for 1 h. The engineering properties of the fired samples, such as density, water absorption, open porosity, water suction and compressive strength, with and without the GSW, were determined. The incorporation of GSW into the clay mix clearly decreased the linear shrinkage and bulk density of the bricks in comparison with the fired clay used as a control. These GSW–clay composites also showed lower open porosity. According to the results obtained for the bulk density of the bricks, samples with GSW addition showed slightly lower values of open porosity than clay bodies, indicating that the GSW–clay samples had slightly higher closed porosity values. This was also shown by SEM. The open porosity, SEM and pore size distribution tests indicated that the porosity generated by the addition of GSW was mainly closed and, therefore, GSW bricks had excellent mechanical properties. The environmental risks of the incorporation of GSW, rich in heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Ni and others), to a clay matrix were evaluated by leaching tests of the fired products. The results indicated a successful inertization of the pollutants.Peer reviewedElsevierConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201520152015info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/109515reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.12.022Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1095152026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
title Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
spellingShingle Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
Pérez-Villarejo, L.
Galvanic sludge waste
Clay ceramics
Bricks
Inertization
Valorization
title_short Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
title_full Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
title_fullStr Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
title_full_unstemmed Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
title_sort Valorization and inertization of galvanic sludge waste in clay bricks
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pérez-Villarejo, L.
Martínez-Martínez, Sergio
Carrasco Hurtado, Bartolomé
Eliche-Quesada, Dolores
Ureña-Nieto, C.
Sánchez-Soto, Pedro José
author Pérez-Villarejo, L.
author_facet Pérez-Villarejo, L.
Martínez-Martínez, Sergio
Carrasco Hurtado, Bartolomé
Eliche-Quesada, Dolores
Ureña-Nieto, C.
Sánchez-Soto, Pedro José
author_role author
author2 Martínez-Martínez, Sergio
Carrasco Hurtado, Bartolomé
Eliche-Quesada, Dolores
Ureña-Nieto, C.
Sánchez-Soto, Pedro José
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Galvanic sludge waste
Clay ceramics
Bricks
Inertization
Valorization
topic Galvanic sludge waste
Clay ceramics
Bricks
Inertization
Valorization
description Galvanic sludge wastes (GSW) are produced by the physico-chemical treatments of wastewater generated by electroplating plants. These materials have a significant potential for the production of clay ceramic bricks. This paper focuses on the viability of the inertization of heavy metals from GSW mixed with clays. The original materials were obtained by mixing three types of raw clay (red, yellow and black) in equal parts with GSW. These mixtures were characterized by XRD, XRF, and chemical elemental analysis CHNS. The dosage of GSW in the clay–GSW bricks was up to 5 wt.%. The bricks were then manufactured using conventional processes. The influence of the amount of GSW was evaluated after firing the clay–GSW composites at 950 °C for 1 h. The engineering properties of the fired samples, such as density, water absorption, open porosity, water suction and compressive strength, with and without the GSW, were determined. The incorporation of GSW into the clay mix clearly decreased the linear shrinkage and bulk density of the bricks in comparison with the fired clay used as a control. These GSW–clay composites also showed lower open porosity. According to the results obtained for the bulk density of the bricks, samples with GSW addition showed slightly lower values of open porosity than clay bodies, indicating that the GSW–clay samples had slightly higher closed porosity values. This was also shown by SEM. The open porosity, SEM and pore size distribution tests indicated that the porosity generated by the addition of GSW was mainly closed and, therefore, GSW bricks had excellent mechanical properties. The environmental risks of the incorporation of GSW, rich in heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Ni and others), to a clay matrix were evaluated by leaching tests of the fired products. The results indicated a successful inertization of the pollutants.
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2015
2015
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/109515
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/109515
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2014.12.022
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812455

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