Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt

With >90 known deposits containing original reserves of >2400 Mt of sulfide ore, the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is the largest volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) province on Earth. In these evolving mineral systems, texturally different pyrite exhibits characteristic mineralogy and trace elemen...

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Autores: Yesares, Lola, Piña, Rubén, González-Jiménez, José María, Sáez, Reinaldo, Ruíz de Almodóvar, Gerardo, Fanlo, Isabel, Pons, Juan Manuel, Vega, Raquel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/343271
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343271
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Pyrite
VMS deposits
Trace elements
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
Iberian Pyrite Belt
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spelling Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite BeltYesares, LolaPiña, RubénGonzález-Jiménez, José MaríaSáez, ReinaldoRuíz de Almodóvar, GerardoFanlo, IsabelPons, Juan ManuelVega, RaquelPyriteVMS depositsTrace elementsElectron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)Iberian Pyrite BeltWith >90 known deposits containing original reserves of >2400 Mt of sulfide ore, the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is the largest volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) province on Earth. In these evolving mineral systems, texturally different pyrite exhibits characteristic mineralogy and trace element fingerprints. Pyrite (Py-1), which is well preserved in the polymetallic ores that crystallized at the earliest stage of VMS deposit formation, consists of kernels of pyrite framboids surrounded by concentric colloform bands and ended by faceted outlines. It is rich in some metals like Pb, Zn, Sb and As (mostly hosted as nano-to-micron-sized particles, including galena, tetrahedrite and arsenopyrite) but depleted in Cu, Co and Bi. In contrast, pyrite from the pyritic and Cu-rich ore overprinted by late fluids exhibits spongy-looking (Py-2) or homogenous (Py-3) cores surrounded by external facets with crystallographic continuity across the whole single grains due to re-crystallization. Py-2 is depleted in most trace elements with the exception of Au and Bi, which occur both in solid solutions and as nano-to-micron-sized inclusions. Py-3 has the highest Cu, Ag, Co and Ni (mainly associated to nano-to-micron-sized particles of tennantite, chalcopyrite and gersdorffite) and the lowest Au contents in the form of native gold. The progressive increase in metal contents from inner to outer parts of Py-1 matches with the onset of the economic metal endowment of VMS deposits in the IPB, whereas Py-2 and Py-3 are associated with metal shoot processes that led to both leached and high-grade ores, very likely when mafic rocks were emplaced into the footwall of the deposits.This research is a contribution to the projects CGL2016-79204-R, PID2019-111715GB-I00 which are supported by the Spanish Government, and 18/IF/6347 granted by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI).Peer reviewedElsevier BVMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2024202420232024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/343271reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//CGL2016-79204-Rinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-111715GB-I00http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.105275Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3432712026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
title Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
spellingShingle Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
Yesares, Lola
Pyrite
VMS deposits
Trace elements
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
Iberian Pyrite Belt
title_short Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
title_full Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
title_fullStr Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
title_full_unstemmed Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
title_sort Distribution of critical metals in evolving pyrite from massive sulfide ores of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Yesares, Lola
Piña, Rubén
González-Jiménez, José María
Sáez, Reinaldo
Ruíz de Almodóvar, Gerardo
Fanlo, Isabel
Pons, Juan Manuel
Vega, Raquel
author Yesares, Lola
author_facet Yesares, Lola
Piña, Rubén
González-Jiménez, José María
Sáez, Reinaldo
Ruíz de Almodóvar, Gerardo
Fanlo, Isabel
Pons, Juan Manuel
Vega, Raquel
author_role author
author2 Piña, Rubén
González-Jiménez, José María
Sáez, Reinaldo
Ruíz de Almodóvar, Gerardo
Fanlo, Isabel
Pons, Juan Manuel
Vega, Raquel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Pyrite
VMS deposits
Trace elements
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
Iberian Pyrite Belt
topic Pyrite
VMS deposits
Trace elements
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)
Iberian Pyrite Belt
description With >90 known deposits containing original reserves of >2400 Mt of sulfide ore, the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is the largest volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) province on Earth. In these evolving mineral systems, texturally different pyrite exhibits characteristic mineralogy and trace element fingerprints. Pyrite (Py-1), which is well preserved in the polymetallic ores that crystallized at the earliest stage of VMS deposit formation, consists of kernels of pyrite framboids surrounded by concentric colloform bands and ended by faceted outlines. It is rich in some metals like Pb, Zn, Sb and As (mostly hosted as nano-to-micron-sized particles, including galena, tetrahedrite and arsenopyrite) but depleted in Cu, Co and Bi. In contrast, pyrite from the pyritic and Cu-rich ore overprinted by late fluids exhibits spongy-looking (Py-2) or homogenous (Py-3) cores surrounded by external facets with crystallographic continuity across the whole single grains due to re-crystallization. Py-2 is depleted in most trace elements with the exception of Au and Bi, which occur both in solid solutions and as nano-to-micron-sized inclusions. Py-3 has the highest Cu, Ag, Co and Ni (mainly associated to nano-to-micron-sized particles of tennantite, chalcopyrite and gersdorffite) and the lowest Au contents in the form of native gold. The progressive increase in metal contents from inner to outer parts of Py-1 matches with the onset of the economic metal endowment of VMS deposits in the IPB, whereas Py-2 and Py-3 are associated with metal shoot processes that led to both leached and high-grade ores, very likely when mafic rocks were emplaced into the footwall of the deposits.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2024
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343271
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343271
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI//CGL2016-79204-R
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-111715GB-I00
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.105275
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier BV
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
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