Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing

A novel helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is designed and proposed for sensing toxic gases with refractive indices ranging from 1.00 to 1.08. The PCF consists of twelve hollow pipes arranged circularly around the hollow core to support THz radiation propagation. Low-loss polymer Topas i...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Sharif, Vahid, Saberi, Hana, Pakarzadeh, Hassan
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Pública de Navarra
Repositorio:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
OAI Identifier:oai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/53498
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2454/53498
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Twisted fiber
Photonic crystal fiber
Terahertz sensor
Toxic gases
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spelling Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensingSharif, VahidSaberi, HanaPakarzadeh, HassanTwisted fiberPhotonic crystal fiberTerahertz sensorToxic gasesA novel helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is designed and proposed for sensing toxic gases with refractive indices ranging from 1.00 to 1.08. The PCF consists of twelve hollow pipes arranged circularly around the hollow core to support THz radiation propagation. Low-loss polymer Topas is used as the background material of cladding. The fiber is twisted 360 degrees over 50 cm to enhance anti-resonance in the THz region. The fundamental LP01 mode is analyzed using the finite-difference eigenmode (FDE) method. The sensor operates across four frequency bands (0.2 to 3.0 THz) with minimal transmission loss (similar to 10(-4) 1/cm). Key parameters such as refractive index sensitivity, relative sensitivity, resolution, and figure of merit (FOM) are evaluated. The average refractive index sensitivities are 1450, 2250, 3000, and 2550 for Bands 1 to 4, respectively, with 100% relative sensitivity across all bands. The sensor detects refractive index changes as small as 10(-4). The FOM, defined as the inverse of the full width at half maximum, exceeds 30 1/RIU, reaching up to 250 1/RIU due to sharp resonance peaks. Compared to other THz sensors, this design offers enhanced performance in sensing gases like SOx, NOx, and CO, while maintaining a simple structure.Springer NatureIngeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de ComunicaciónIngeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2454/53498reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarrainstname:Universidad Pública de NavarraInglés© The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/534982026-06-17T12:41:47Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
title Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
spellingShingle Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
Sharif, Vahid
Twisted fiber
Photonic crystal fiber
Terahertz sensor
Toxic gases
title_short Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
title_full Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
title_fullStr Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
title_full_unstemmed Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
title_sort Designing a terahertz optical sensor based on helically twisted photonic crystal fiber for toxic gas sensing
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Sharif, Vahid
Saberi, Hana
Pakarzadeh, Hassan
author Sharif, Vahid
author_facet Sharif, Vahid
Saberi, Hana
Pakarzadeh, Hassan
author_role author
author2 Saberi, Hana
Pakarzadeh, Hassan
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación
Ingeniaritza Elektrikoa, Elektronikoa eta Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritza
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Twisted fiber
Photonic crystal fiber
Terahertz sensor
Toxic gases
topic Twisted fiber
Photonic crystal fiber
Terahertz sensor
Toxic gases
description A novel helically twisted photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is designed and proposed for sensing toxic gases with refractive indices ranging from 1.00 to 1.08. The PCF consists of twelve hollow pipes arranged circularly around the hollow core to support THz radiation propagation. Low-loss polymer Topas is used as the background material of cladding. The fiber is twisted 360 degrees over 50 cm to enhance anti-resonance in the THz region. The fundamental LP01 mode is analyzed using the finite-difference eigenmode (FDE) method. The sensor operates across four frequency bands (0.2 to 3.0 THz) with minimal transmission loss (similar to 10(-4) 1/cm). Key parameters such as refractive index sensitivity, relative sensitivity, resolution, and figure of merit (FOM) are evaluated. The average refractive index sensitivities are 1450, 2250, 3000, and 2550 for Bands 1 to 4, respectively, with 100% relative sensitivity across all bands. The sensor detects refractive index changes as small as 10(-4). The FOM, defined as the inverse of the full width at half maximum, exceeds 30 1/RIU, reaching up to 250 1/RIU due to sharp resonance peaks. Compared to other THz sensors, this design offers enhanced performance in sensing gases like SOx, NOx, and CO, while maintaining a simple structure.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2454/53498
url https://hdl.handle.net/2454/53498
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname:Universidad Pública de Navarra
instname_str Universidad Pública de Navarra
reponame_str Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
collection Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra
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repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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