Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation

Most experimental studies of facial expression processing have used static stimuli (photographs), yet facial expressions in daily life are generally dynamic. In its original photographic format, the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) has been frequently utilized. In the current study, we val...

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Authors: Calvo, Manuel G., Fernández-Martín, Andrés, Recio, Guillermo, Lundqvist, Daniel
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2018
Country:España
Institution:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repository:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/183420
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/183420
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Expressió facial
Reconeixement facial (Informàtica)
Facial expression
Human face recognition (Computer science)
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spelling Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validationCalvo, Manuel G.Fernández-Martín, AndrésRecio, GuillermoLundqvist, DanielExpressió facialReconeixement facial (Informàtica)Facial expressionHuman face recognition (Computer science)Most experimental studies of facial expression processing have used static stimuli (photographs), yet facial expressions in daily life are generally dynamic. In its original photographic format, the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) has been frequently utilized. In the current study, we validate a dynamic version of this database, the KDEF-dyn. To this end, we applied animation between neutral and emotional expressions (happy, sad, angry, fearful, disgusted, and surprised; 1,033-ms unfolding) to 40 KDEF models, with morphing software. Ninety-six human observers categorized the expressions of the resulting 240 video-clip stimuli, and automated face analysis assessed the evidence for 6 expressions and 20 facial action units (AUs) at 31 intensities. Low-level image properties (luminance, signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) and other purely perceptual factors (e.g., size, unfolding speed) were controlled. Human recognition performance (accuracy, efficiency, and confusions) patterns were consistent with prior research using static and other dynamic expressions. Automated assessment of expressions and AUs was sensitive to intensity manipulations. Significant correlations emerged between human observers' categorization and automated classification. The KDEF-dyn database aims to provide a balance between experimental control and ecological validity for research on emotional facial expression processing. The stimuli and the validation data are available to the scientific community.Frontiers Media2022202220182022info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion12 p.application/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/183420Articles publicats en revistes (Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02052Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, vol. 9, p. 2052https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02052cc-by (c) Calvo, Manuel G. et al., 2018https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:2445/1834202026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
title Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
spellingShingle Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
Calvo, Manuel G.
Expressió facial
Reconeixement facial (Informàtica)
Facial expression
Human face recognition (Computer science)
title_short Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
title_full Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
title_fullStr Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
title_full_unstemmed Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
title_sort Human observers and automated assessment of dynamic emotional facial expressions: KDEF-dyn database validation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Calvo, Manuel G.
Fernández-Martín, Andrés
Recio, Guillermo
Lundqvist, Daniel
author Calvo, Manuel G.
author_facet Calvo, Manuel G.
Fernández-Martín, Andrés
Recio, Guillermo
Lundqvist, Daniel
author_role author
author2 Fernández-Martín, Andrés
Recio, Guillermo
Lundqvist, Daniel
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Expressió facial
Reconeixement facial (Informàtica)
Facial expression
Human face recognition (Computer science)
topic Expressió facial
Reconeixement facial (Informàtica)
Facial expression
Human face recognition (Computer science)
description Most experimental studies of facial expression processing have used static stimuli (photographs), yet facial expressions in daily life are generally dynamic. In its original photographic format, the Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) has been frequently utilized. In the current study, we validate a dynamic version of this database, the KDEF-dyn. To this end, we applied animation between neutral and emotional expressions (happy, sad, angry, fearful, disgusted, and surprised; 1,033-ms unfolding) to 40 KDEF models, with morphing software. Ninety-six human observers categorized the expressions of the resulting 240 video-clip stimuli, and automated face analysis assessed the evidence for 6 expressions and 20 facial action units (AUs) at 31 intensities. Low-level image properties (luminance, signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) and other purely perceptual factors (e.g., size, unfolding speed) were controlled. Human recognition performance (accuracy, efficiency, and confusions) patterns were consistent with prior research using static and other dynamic expressions. Automated assessment of expressions and AUs was sensitive to intensity manipulations. Significant correlations emerged between human observers' categorization and automated classification. The KDEF-dyn database aims to provide a balance between experimental control and ecological validity for research on emotional facial expression processing. The stimuli and the validation data are available to the scientific community.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2022
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/183420
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/183420
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02052
Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, vol. 9, p. 2052
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02052
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Calvo, Manuel G. et al., 2018
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Calvo, Manuel G. et al., 2018
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 12 p.
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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