Estudio y modelización de la velocidad de sedimentacion zonal y de la aceleración de los fangos activados
[EN] It has been found that in industrial wastewater treatment plants, or those with a previous process of coagulation-flocculation, sludge does not settle conventionally since there is not a unique hindered settling stage. Chen et al. (1996) and Zhao (2004a, 2004b) observed during the settling test...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2016 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repositorio: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/61994 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/61994 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Velocidad de sedimentación Sedimentación zonal Aceleración de los fangos Fangos activados Flóculos Richardson y Zaki TECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE |
| Sumario: | [EN] It has been found that in industrial wastewater treatment plants, or those with a previous process of coagulation-flocculation, sludge does not settle conventionally since there is not a unique hindered settling stage. Chen et al. (1996) and Zhao (2004a, 2004b) observed during the settling tests, an initial stage with constant hindered settling velocity, an intermediate stage of accelerating settling velocity and a final stage with constant settling velocity once again. This form of activated sludge settleability has not been studied in detail. Chen et al. (1996) and Zhao (2004a, 2004b) studied the stages with constant zone settling velocity, but they did not study or model the accelerating process of the sludge, nor paid attention to the moment at which this process starts taking place. They did not explain the mechanism that triggers the process of acceleration of settling rate, or the formation of large flocs with an initial homogeneous structure. The secondary clarifiers in biological wastewater treatment plants are mostly designed from empirical criteria based on acquired experience in the design of urban treatment plants. The use of these criteria can be a problem in industrial plants where the biological sludge settleability may be affected by the type of wastewater and the physico-chemical treatment. The same happens when simulation programs are used to estimate hindered settling velocity of activated sludge from empirical formula developed at urban treatment plants. Modelling hindered settling velocity for activated sludge in such treatment plants can help to improve the methods used for the design and simulation of secondary clarifiers. The main objective of this thesis is the study and development of a general model for the hindered settling velocity and the accelerating process for the activated sludge in wastewater treatment plants. The activated sludge used for settling tests come from the industrial wastewater treatment plant of Ford Spain. Initially, the activated sludge of the plant is characterized by determining the density, size and morphology of the flocs. Settling tests are also performed to study the effect of water composition and concentration of suspended solids in the settling velocity and accelerating process. Subsequently, hindered settling velocity is modelled depending on the concentration of suspended solids in the sludge during the two stages where the settling rate is constant. The model used to do the analysis is Richardson and Zaki's. Some modifications of the model have been proposed so as to estimate the flocs characteristics (diameter, density, porosity and fractal dimension) during the stages of initial and final constant settling rates. This model is also used to describe the changes found in the flocs after the accelerating process of the sludge and to explain the apparent discontinuity, observed experimentally, in the final hindered settling velocity. It has also been developed a logistic model to describe the hindered settling velocity and the accelerating process as a function of time and concentration of suspended solids. Finally, a relation between the logistic model for the settling velocity and Richardson and Zaki's model is established, and a description for the accelerating process is proposed from fragmentation and succeeding aggregation of flocs. |
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