Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations
14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, supplement https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024-supplement.-- Data availability: The climatological data of H22 is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.17632/hyn62spny2.2 (Mahajan, 2023; Hulswar et al., 2022). Similarly, for W20 and G18 it is available at https:/...
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
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Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| title |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| spellingShingle |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations Joge, Sankirna D. |
| title_short |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| title_full |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| title_fullStr |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| title_sort |
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimations |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Joge, Sankirna D. Mahajan, Anoop S. Hulswar, Shrivardhan Marandino, Christa A. Galí, Martí Bell, Thomas G. Simó, Rafel |
| author |
Joge, Sankirna D. |
| author_facet |
Joge, Sankirna D. Mahajan, Anoop S. Hulswar, Shrivardhan Marandino, Christa A. Galí, Martí Bell, Thomas G. Simó, Rafel |
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author |
| author2 |
Mahajan, Anoop S. Hulswar, Shrivardhan Marandino, Christa A. Galí, Martí Bell, Thomas G. Simó, Rafel |
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author author author author author author |
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European Commission Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) Ministry of Earth Sciences (India) Natural Environment Research Council (UK) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72] |
| description |
14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, supplement https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024-supplement.-- Data availability: The climatological data of H22 is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.17632/hyn62spny2.2 (Mahajan, 2023; Hulswar et al., 2022). Similarly, for W20 and G18 it is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3833233 (Wang et al., 2020a, b) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2558511 (Tapias, 2019; Galí et al., 2018), respectively. The sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and nutrients data is available at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/world-ocean-atlas-2018/ (last access: 9 January 2024, Garcia et al., 2019). The MLD from MIMOC at https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/mimoc/ (last access: 9 January 2024, Schmidtko et al., 2013) and satellite-based variables from NASA SeaWiFS at https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/l3/ (last access: 9 January 2024, NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group, 2022) |
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2024 |
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2024 2024 2024 |
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Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) climatologies, fluxes, and trends - Part 1: Differences between seawater DMS estimationsJoge, Sankirna D.Mahajan, Anoop S.Hulswar, ShrivardhanMarandino, Christa A.Galí, MartíBell, Thomas G.Simó, Rafel14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, supplement https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024-supplement.-- Data availability: The climatological data of H22 is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.17632/hyn62spny2.2 (Mahajan, 2023; Hulswar et al., 2022). Similarly, for W20 and G18 it is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3833233 (Wang et al., 2020a, b) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2558511 (Tapias, 2019; Galí et al., 2018), respectively. The sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, and nutrients data is available at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/world-ocean-atlas-2018/ (last access: 9 January 2024, Garcia et al., 2019). The MLD from MIMOC at https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/mimoc/ (last access: 9 January 2024, Schmidtko et al., 2013) and satellite-based variables from NASA SeaWiFS at https://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/l3/ (last access: 9 January 2024, NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group, 2022)Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a naturally emitted trace gas that can affect the Earth's radiative budget by changing cloud albedo. Most atmospheric models that represent aerosol processes depend on regional or global distributions of seawater DMS concentrations and sea–air flux parameterizations to estimate its emissions. In this study, we analyse the differences between three estimations of seawater DMS, one of which is an observation-based interpolation method following Hulswar et al. (2022) (hereafter referred to as H22) and two of which are proxy-based parameterization methods following Galí et al. (2018) (hereafter referred to as G18) and Wang et al. (2020a) (hereafter referred to as W20). The interpolation-based method depends on the distribution of observations and the methods used to fill data between observations, while the parameterization-based methods rely on establishing a relationship between DMS and environmental parameters such as chlorophyll a, mixed-layer depth, nutrients, sea surface temperature, etc., which can then be used to predict DMS concentrations. On average, the interpolation-based methods show higher DMS values compared to the parameterization-based methods. Even though the interpolation method shows higher values than the parameterization-based methods, it fails to capture mesoscale variability. The regression-based parameterization method (G18) shows the lowest values compared to other estimations, especially in the Southern Ocean, which is the high-DMS region in austral summer. The parameterization-based methods suggest positive long-term trends in seawater DMS (3.82±0.79 % per decade for G18 and 2.13±0.32 % per decade for W20). Since large differences, often more than 100 %, are observed between the different estimations of seawater DMS, the derived sea–air fluxes and, hence, the impact of DMS on the radiative budget are sensitive to the estimate usedThe Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology is funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. Martí Galí and Rafel Simó acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 834162 – SUMMIT Advanced Grant to RS) and the Spanish Government through the grant GOOSE (no. PID2022_140872NB_I00), as well as the “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation grant (no. CEX2019-000928-S). The contribution of TGB to this work was via funding from the UK Natural Environmental Research Council CARES project (ConstrAining the Role of sulfur in the Earth System, NE/W009277/1)Peer reviewedEuropean Geosciences UnionEuropean CommissionMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Ministry of Earth Sciences (India)Natural Environment Research Council (UK)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202420242024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/373371reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/834162info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2022-140872NB-I00https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4439-2024Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3733712026-05-22T06:33:51Z |
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