Microbiota as indicator of intestinal health and modulation strategies
ENG- Intestinal microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system regulation, thus influencing overall gut health. Conversely, dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbiota, is associated wi...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/692582 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/692582 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Microbiota intestinal Gut microbiota Prebiòtics Prebióticos Prebiotics Disbiosi Disbiosis Dysbiosis Pancreatitis crònica Pancreatitis crónica Chronic pancreatitis Síndrome de l'intestí irritable Síndrome del intestino irritable Irritable bowel syndrome Malaltia inflamatòria intestinal Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal Inflammatory bowel disease 579 616.3 |
| Resumo: | ENG- Intestinal microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system regulation, thus influencing overall gut health. Conversely, dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbiota, is associated with various health conditions including gastrointestinal disorders and systemic diseases. This thesis examines the intricate relationship between intestinal microbiota, dysbiosis, and health outcomes, also analysing the potential of a grape-derived prebiotic to modulate microbial composition. The research employed a comprehensive approach, utilizing clinical tests, in vitro experiments, and microbiota analysis to elucidate these relationships. The initial study involved analysing stool samples to assess the robustness of an intestinal microbiota analysis test, correlating microbial markers with digestive symptoms and conditions. Dysbiosis was categorized for the first time using specific markers, distinguishing between transient and pathological dysbiosis. Furthermore, it was evaluated the efficacy of a new grape-derived prebiotic in increasing species producing short-chain fatty acids, crucial for gut health. The prebiotic showed significant efficacy, particularly in increasing the abundance of beneficial species such as Roseburia sp. and F. prausnitzii and enhancing short-chain fatty acid production. In addition, a study was conducted with patients with chronic pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, revealing alterations in microbial composition compared to control subjects. Notably, patients exhibited an increase in microbial species with enzymatic activity, suggesting a compensatory mechanism in response to enzyme deficiency. In conclusion, the findings validate the clinical utility of an intestinal microbiota analysis test, demonstrate the efficacy of the grape-derived prebiotic in modulating microbial composition, and highlight tailored dysbiosis in individuals with abnormal pancreatic conditions. These results underscore the importance of understanding and manipulating gut microbiota for optimizing health and preventing or alleviating various gastrointestinal and systemic conditions associated with dysbiosis |
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