Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns

Background: The objective of this paper is to analyze social inequalities in COVID-19 incidence, stratified by age, sex, geographical area, and income in Barcelona during the first two waves of the pandemic. Methods: We collected data on COVID-19 cases confirmed by laboratory tests during the first...

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Autores: Mari-Dell'Olmo, M, Gotsens, M, Pasarin, MI, Rodriguez-Sanz, M, Artazcoz, L, de Olalla, PG, Rius, C, Borrell, C
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Recursos:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
Repositorio:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
OAI Identifier:oai:iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com:p5059
Acesso em linha:https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=5059
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/252379
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:COVID-19
inequalities
geographical area
urban area
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spelling Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two PatternsMari-Dell'Olmo, MGotsens, MPasarin, MIRodriguez-Sanz, MArtazcoz, Lde Olalla, PGRius, CBorrell, CCOVID-19inequalitiesgeographical areaurban areaBackground: The objective of this paper is to analyze social inequalities in COVID-19 incidence, stratified by age, sex, geographical area, and income in Barcelona during the first two waves of the pandemic. Methods: We collected data on COVID-19 cases confirmed by laboratory tests during the first two waves of the pandemic (1 March to 15 July and 16 July to 30 November, 2020) in Barcelona. For each wave and sex, we calculated smooth cumulative incidence by census tract using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We analyzed income inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19, categorizing the census tracts into quintiles based on the income indicator. Results: During the two waves, women showed higher COVID-19 cumulative incidence under 64 years, while the trend was reversed after that threshold. The incidence of the disease was higher in some poor neighborhoods. The risk ratio (RR) increased in the poorest groups compared to the richest ones, mainly in the second wave, with RR being 1.67 (95% Credible Interval-CI-: 1.41-1.96) in the fifth quintile income group for men and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.44-1.99) for women. Conclusion: Our results indicate the existence of inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19 in an urban area of Southern Europe.MDPI2021info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=5059https://ddd.uab.cat/record/252379International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthISSN: 16617827ISSNe: 16604601reponame:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pauinstname:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com:p50592026-06-14T12:41:47Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
title Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
spellingShingle Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
Mari-Dell'Olmo, M
COVID-19
inequalities
geographical area
urban area
title_short Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
title_full Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
title_fullStr Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
title_full_unstemmed Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
title_sort Socioeconomic Inequalities in COVID-19 in a European Urban Area: Two Waves, Two Patterns
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Mari-Dell'Olmo, M
Gotsens, M
Pasarin, MI
Rodriguez-Sanz, M
Artazcoz, L
de Olalla, PG
Rius, C
Borrell, C
author Mari-Dell'Olmo, M
author_facet Mari-Dell'Olmo, M
Gotsens, M
Pasarin, MI
Rodriguez-Sanz, M
Artazcoz, L
de Olalla, PG
Rius, C
Borrell, C
author_role author
author2 Gotsens, M
Pasarin, MI
Rodriguez-Sanz, M
Artazcoz, L
de Olalla, PG
Rius, C
Borrell, C
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv COVID-19
inequalities
geographical area
urban area
topic COVID-19
inequalities
geographical area
urban area
description Background: The objective of this paper is to analyze social inequalities in COVID-19 incidence, stratified by age, sex, geographical area, and income in Barcelona during the first two waves of the pandemic. Methods: We collected data on COVID-19 cases confirmed by laboratory tests during the first two waves of the pandemic (1 March to 15 July and 16 July to 30 November, 2020) in Barcelona. For each wave and sex, we calculated smooth cumulative incidence by census tract using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We analyzed income inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19, categorizing the census tracts into quintiles based on the income indicator. Results: During the two waves, women showed higher COVID-19 cumulative incidence under 64 years, while the trend was reversed after that threshold. The incidence of the disease was higher in some poor neighborhoods. The risk ratio (RR) increased in the poorest groups compared to the richest ones, mainly in the second wave, with RR being 1.67 (95% Credible Interval-CI-: 1.41-1.96) in the fifth quintile income group for men and 1.71 (95% CI: 1.44-1.99) for women. Conclusion: Our results indicate the existence of inequalities in the incidence of COVID-19 in an urban area of Southern Europe.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=5059
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/252379
url https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=5059
https://ddd.uab.cat/record/252379
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
ISSN: 16617827
ISSNe: 16604601
reponame:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
instname:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
instname_str Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
reponame_str r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
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