Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)

ABSTRACT: Gender differences in mobility are common in cities but analyzing them using data from travel surveys is limited by the sample size and the lack of detailed spatial and temporal patterns for different population groups. Big data sources, such as mobile phone data, offer almost ubiquitous d...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Cara-Santana, Yeray, Moya Gómez, Borja, García Palomares, Juan Carlos
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Recursos:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/132924
Acesso em linha:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132924
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:911.375(460.27)
Gender gap
Big data
Travel flows
Urban activity
Mobile phone data
Human behavior
Geografía humana
5403 Geografía Humana
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/132924
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repository_id_str
spelling Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)Cara-Santana, YerayMoya Gómez, BorjaGarcía Palomares, Juan Carlos911.375(460.27)Gender gapBig dataTravel flowsUrban activityMobile phone dataHuman behaviorGeografía humana5403 Geografía HumanaABSTRACT: Gender differences in mobility are common in cities but analyzing them using data from travel surveys is limited by the sample size and the lack of detailed spatial and temporal patterns for different population groups. Big data sources, such as mobile phone data, offer almost ubiquitous data of daily mobility patterns and their changes while including basic socio-demographic characteristics. This paper studies differences in urban mobility from a gender and age perspective following the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing daily patterns of February 2020 and 2023 for the metropolitan region of Madrid. Urban activity, changes in mobility, and the gender gap are analyzed using different temporal and spatial aggregations based on Transport Analysis Zones (TAZ) and travel flows. The results reflect that the gender gap in trips decreases while remaining for the distance travelled for all age groups after COVID-19. Temporal patterns changed with more trips in the daytime and fewer at night, while the distance travelled evolves towards shorter journeys. Although women still make fewer trips and shorter distances, young women have reversed the gender gap between 2020 and 2023. This paper highlights how gender and age are longitudinal and transversal factors shaping mobility over an individual's life course and how COVID-19 seems to have accelerated pre-existing changing trends in urban mobility. Understanding the nature and relevance of the social dynamics and the differences between each population group is essential for supporting the study of urban segregation and helping authorities manage mobility in the territory.ElsevierUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20262026-02-0120262026-02-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132924reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1329242026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
title Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
spellingShingle Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
Cara-Santana, Yeray
911.375(460.27)
Gender gap
Big data
Travel flows
Urban activity
Mobile phone data
Human behavior
Geografía humana
5403 Geografía Humana
title_short Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
title_full Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
title_fullStr Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
title_full_unstemmed Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
title_sort Using mobile phone data to explore gender and age gaps in urban mobility. Revealing the changes after COVID-19 in the metropolitan region of Madrid (Spain)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Cara-Santana, Yeray
Moya Gómez, Borja
García Palomares, Juan Carlos
author Cara-Santana, Yeray
author_facet Cara-Santana, Yeray
Moya Gómez, Borja
García Palomares, Juan Carlos
author_role author
author2 Moya Gómez, Borja
García Palomares, Juan Carlos
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 911.375(460.27)
Gender gap
Big data
Travel flows
Urban activity
Mobile phone data
Human behavior
Geografía humana
5403 Geografía Humana
topic 911.375(460.27)
Gender gap
Big data
Travel flows
Urban activity
Mobile phone data
Human behavior
Geografía humana
5403 Geografía Humana
description ABSTRACT: Gender differences in mobility are common in cities but analyzing them using data from travel surveys is limited by the sample size and the lack of detailed spatial and temporal patterns for different population groups. Big data sources, such as mobile phone data, offer almost ubiquitous data of daily mobility patterns and their changes while including basic socio-demographic characteristics. This paper studies differences in urban mobility from a gender and age perspective following the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing daily patterns of February 2020 and 2023 for the metropolitan region of Madrid. Urban activity, changes in mobility, and the gender gap are analyzed using different temporal and spatial aggregations based on Transport Analysis Zones (TAZ) and travel flows. The results reflect that the gender gap in trips decreases while remaining for the distance travelled for all age groups after COVID-19. Temporal patterns changed with more trips in the daytime and fewer at night, while the distance travelled evolves towards shorter journeys. Although women still make fewer trips and shorter distances, young women have reversed the gender gap between 2020 and 2023. This paper highlights how gender and age are longitudinal and transversal factors shaping mobility over an individual's life course and how COVID-19 seems to have accelerated pre-existing changing trends in urban mobility. Understanding the nature and relevance of the social dynamics and the differences between each population group is essential for supporting the study of urban segregation and helping authorities manage mobility in the territory.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-02-01
2026
2026-02-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132924
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132924
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.198674

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