Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle

The Maghreb is a key region for understanding the dynamics of cattle dispersal and admixture with local aurochs following their earliest domestication in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Here, we present data on autosomal genomes and mitogenomes obtained for four archaeological speci...

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Authors: Ginja, Catarina, Guimarães, Silvia, Fonseca, Rute. R. da, Rasteiro, Rita, Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo, Simões, Luciana G., Sarmento, Cindy, Belarte, Maria Carme, Kallala, Nabil, Torres, Joan Ramon, Sanmartí, Joan, Arruda, Ana Margarida, Detry, Cleia, Davis, Simon, Matos, José, Götherström, Anders, Pires, Ana Elisabete, Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repository:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/343877
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343877
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Biological sciences
Omics
Genomics
Paleobiology
Paleogenetics
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spelling Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattleGinja, CatarinaGuimarães, SilviaFonseca, Rute. R. daRasteiro, RitaRodríguez-Varela, RicardoSimões, Luciana G.Sarmento, CindyBelarte, Maria CarmeKallala, NabilTorres, Joan RamonSanmartí, JoanArruda, Ana MargaridaDetry, CleiaDavis, SimonMatos, JoséGötherström, AndersPires, Ana ElisabeteValenzuela-Lamas, SilviaBiological sciencesOmicsGenomicsPaleobiologyPaleogeneticsThe Maghreb is a key region for understanding the dynamics of cattle dispersal and admixture with local aurochs following their earliest domestication in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Here, we present data on autosomal genomes and mitogenomes obtained for four archaeological specimens of Iron Age (∼2,800 cal BP–2,000 cal BP) domestic cattle from the Eastern Maghreb, i.e. Althiburos (El Kef, Tunisia). D-loop sequences were obtained for an additional eight cattle specimens from this site. Maternal lineages were assigned to the elusive R and ubiquitous African-T1 haplogroups found in two and ten Althiburos specimens, respectively. Our results can be explained by post-domestication hybridization of Althiburos cattle with local aurochs. However, we cannot rule out an independent domestication in North Africa considering the shared ancestry of Althiburos cattle with the pre-domestic Moroccan aurochs and present-day African taurine cattle.The authors gratefully acknowledge the following for funding their research: Fundação Nacional para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, contract grants 2020.02754.CEECIND (C.G.) and DL57/2016/CP1440/CT0029 (A.E. Pires), Project grant PTDC/CVTLIV/2827/2014 co-funded by COMPETE 2020 POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016647 and LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-016647 (C.G. and A.E.P); R.D.F. acknowledges the support of the Villum Fonden for the Center for Global Mountain Biodiversity (grant no 25925) and ERC-StG ZooMWest (ERC-StG 716298). This study was also co-funded by the project NORTE-01-0246-FEDER-000063, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We acknowledge the use of computational resources from UPPMAX—the Uppsala Multidisciplinary Centre for Advanced Computational Science under the projects b2014175 and SNIC 2018/8-54. We are grateful for the excellent service and support provided by the National Genomics Infrastructure (NGI, SciLifeLab) in Stockholm, Sweden.Peer reviewedCell PressFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal)Global Mountain Biodiversity AssessmentEuropean CommissionUppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational ScienceConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2024202420232024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/343877reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/716298http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.107196Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3438772026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
title Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
spellingShingle Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
Ginja, Catarina
Biological sciences
Omics
Genomics
Paleobiology
Paleogenetics
title_short Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
title_full Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
title_fullStr Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
title_full_unstemmed Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
title_sort Iron age genomic data from Althiburos-Tunisia renew the debate on the origins of African taurine cattle
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ginja, Catarina
Guimarães, Silvia
Fonseca, Rute. R. da
Rasteiro, Rita
Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo
Simões, Luciana G.
Sarmento, Cindy
Belarte, Maria Carme
Kallala, Nabil
Torres, Joan Ramon
Sanmartí, Joan
Arruda, Ana Margarida
Detry, Cleia
Davis, Simon
Matos, José
Götherström, Anders
Pires, Ana Elisabete
Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia
author Ginja, Catarina
author_facet Ginja, Catarina
Guimarães, Silvia
Fonseca, Rute. R. da
Rasteiro, Rita
Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo
Simões, Luciana G.
Sarmento, Cindy
Belarte, Maria Carme
Kallala, Nabil
Torres, Joan Ramon
Sanmartí, Joan
Arruda, Ana Margarida
Detry, Cleia
Davis, Simon
Matos, José
Götherström, Anders
Pires, Ana Elisabete
Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia
author_role author
author2 Guimarães, Silvia
Fonseca, Rute. R. da
Rasteiro, Rita
Rodríguez-Varela, Ricardo
Simões, Luciana G.
Sarmento, Cindy
Belarte, Maria Carme
Kallala, Nabil
Torres, Joan Ramon
Sanmartí, Joan
Arruda, Ana Margarida
Detry, Cleia
Davis, Simon
Matos, José
Götherström, Anders
Pires, Ana Elisabete
Valenzuela-Lamas, Silvia
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal)
Global Mountain Biodiversity Assessment
European Commission
Uppsala Multidisciplinary Center for Advanced Computational Science
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Biological sciences
Omics
Genomics
Paleobiology
Paleogenetics
topic Biological sciences
Omics
Genomics
Paleobiology
Paleogenetics
description The Maghreb is a key region for understanding the dynamics of cattle dispersal and admixture with local aurochs following their earliest domestication in the Fertile Crescent more than 10,000 years ago. Here, we present data on autosomal genomes and mitogenomes obtained for four archaeological specimens of Iron Age (∼2,800 cal BP–2,000 cal BP) domestic cattle from the Eastern Maghreb, i.e. Althiburos (El Kef, Tunisia). D-loop sequences were obtained for an additional eight cattle specimens from this site. Maternal lineages were assigned to the elusive R and ubiquitous African-T1 haplogroups found in two and ten Althiburos specimens, respectively. Our results can be explained by post-domestication hybridization of Althiburos cattle with local aurochs. However, we cannot rule out an independent domestication in North Africa considering the shared ancestry of Althiburos cattle with the pre-domestic Moroccan aurochs and present-day African taurine cattle.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
2024
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343877
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/343877
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/716298
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.107196
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Cell Press
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Cell Press
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,198674

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