A mathematical description of the bone marrow dynamics during car T-cell therapy in B-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated high rates of response in recurrent B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in children and young adults. Despite this success, a fraction of patients’ experience relapse after treatment. Relapse is often preceded by recovery of healthy B c...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Martínez-Rubio, Álvaro, Chulián, Salvador, Goñi, Cristina Blázquez, Orellana, Manuel Ramírez, Martínez, Antonio Pérez, Navarro-Zapata, Alfonso, Ferreras, Cristina, Pérez-García, Victor M., Rosa, María
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/716471
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10486/716471
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126371
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
B cell
Bone marrow
CAR T
Mathematical model
Medicina
Descripción
Sumario:Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has demonstrated high rates of response in recurrent B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in children and young adults. Despite this success, a fraction of patients’ experience relapse after treatment. Relapse is often preceded by recovery of healthy B cells, which suggests loss or dysfunction of CAR T-cells in bone marrow. This site is harder to access, and thus is not monitored as frequently as peripheral blood. Understanding the interplay between B cells, leukemic cells, and CAR T-cells in bone marrow is paramount in ascertaining the causes of lack of response. In this paper, we put forward a mathematical model representing the interaction between constantly renewing B cells, CAR T-cells, and leukemic cells in the bone marrow. Our model accounts for the maturation dynamics of B cells and incorporates effector and memory CAR T-cells. The model provides a plausible description of the dynamics of the various cellular compartments in bone marrow after CAR T infusion. After exploration of the parameter space, we found that the dynamics of CAR T product and disease were independent of the dose injected, initial B-cell load, and leukemia burden. We also show theoretically the importance of CAR T product attributes in determining therapy outcome, and have studied a variety of possible response scenarios, including second dosage schemes. We conclude by setting out ideas for the refinement of the model.