Antioxidant valorisation of PLE extracts from macroalgae (Cladophora glomerata). In vitro assessment of nanoemulsions against oxidative stress and inflammation
Driven by a growing global interest in natural products, macroalgae have emerged as a prime source for nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical applications. In the current research, the effect of oven-drying (OD) and freeze-drying (FD), as well as the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) conditions, were i...
| Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | article |
| Publication Date: | 2024 |
| Country: | España |
| Institution: | Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha |
| Repository: | RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dnet:ruidera_____::ffb647370fe79a4390de6bbfc08c5b54 |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13111370 https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/13/11/1370 https://hdl.handle.net/10578/48512 |
| Access Level: | Open access |
| Keyword: | Antioxidant activity Bioactive compounds Carotenoids Cladophora glomerata Flavonoids Macroalga Macrophage Nanoparticles Oxidative stress Plant extracts PLE Polyphenols ROS Tocochromanols |
| Summary: | Driven by a growing global interest in natural products, macroalgae have emerged as a prime source for nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical applications. In the current research, the effect of oven-drying (OD) and freeze-drying (FD), as well as the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) conditions, were investigated in relation to the polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, chlorophylls, and tocochromanols levels in Cladophora glomerata extracts. The ethanol–water extracts (1:1) obtained with PLE-150 °C from macroalgae oven-dried (OD)-80 °C displayed the highest total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFCs), reaching 29.62 mg GAE/g and 5.92 mg QE/g. Aqueous extracts using PLE-200 °C were also an excellent environmentally friendly option for TPC and TFC isolation, which were the main factors accounting for the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP antioxidant activity of the extracts. The remarkable effects of drying conditions positively affect the carotenoids, chlorophyll a-tocopherol, and a-tocotrienol levels from extracts showing 1.3–6 times higher amounts in extracts of Cladophora glomerata OD at 80 °C compared with other research approaches. Nanotechnology approaches allowed the formulation of antioxidant-loaded nanoemulsions from Cladophora glomerata extracts, providing stability and a great internalization rate that ameliorates to 85% the ROS levels, attenuating the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in J774.1 macrophage cell line. |
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