Anàlisi de susceptibilitat torrencial en conques d’alta muntanya a partir de la proposta de paràmetres indicadors : construcció d'una base de dades multidisciplinària per al desenvolupament d'una zonificació de perillositat torrencial : cas específic d’Andorra
Over the last 40 years, in Europe in general and in many mountainous regions in particular, there have been major instances of severe flood episodes (more than 100) which have resulted in more than 700 deaths and billions of euros in economic losses. At European level, we can point out the floods of...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/674644 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674644 https://dx.doi.org/10.5821/dissertation-2117-369384 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil 55 626 |
| Resumo: | Over the last 40 years, in Europe in general and in many mountainous regions in particular, there have been major instances of severe flood episodes (more than 100) which have resulted in more than 700 deaths and billions of euros in economic losses. At European level, we can point out the floods of the Danube and the Elbe rivers in the summer of 2002. At a more specific level, in mountain areas and therefore on a more regional scale, we can mention the destruction caused by torrential phenomena, such as the floods of Andorra 1982, the tragedy of Camping las Nieves in Biescas in 1998 or the floods of the Garonne River in the summer of 2013. Thanks to this series of episodes and to the growing effects of climate change in mountain regions, both administrations and the general public have become aware of the dangers and risks associated with natural phenomena, and as such, with those related to river and torrential hydraulics. This awareness, combined with the technical advances experienced in recent years in the field of hydraulics, have led to the development of directives, laws and plans for the prevention of natural hazards (floods), which have subsequently had major repercussions in urban planning and therefore at a socioeconomic level. Despite the succession of regulations and directives applied in recent years (both in the state of Andorra and in general in countries with torrential problems), all of them have been mainly of a state nature and oriented to river flood plains; leaving mountain areas with torrential episodes, absent of cartography and associated regulations. The detection, zoning and evaluation of areas prone to triggering torrential phenomena, or current-type phenomena of dragging, are often difficult to predict if there are no evident and detectable geomorphological indications together with fieldwork, historic accounts, ortho photographs or aerial photographs of several years, and especially field data such as: precipitation history, readings of depths and flows, sedimentograms at the bottom of canals, sediment analysis in violent streams, analysis of hydraulic sections at drainage points, analysis of sediments deposited in alluvial fans etc. This lack of information or the limited and poorly structured treatment of the little information that is often available, makes it excessively complicated to know, study, and perform a zoning of such hazards associated with torrential dynamics, on a regional scale (for example of the Principality of Andorra on a scale of 1/5000) without having to develop detailed numerical studies and simulations. In this thesis, all those torrential parameters and indicators have been studied in detail, both at the basin and riverbed level, which may be related to the torrential dynamics, and therefore can give us clues as to the susceptibility of this occurrence of these types of events in certain areas. After analysing and classifying all the parameters potentially indicative of torrential dynamics in the basin and channel, a methodology has been proposed based on the grouping of the parameters treated in large analytical blocks: historical analysis, hydro-meteorological analysis, hydraulic analysis, geological -geotechnical analysis and morphometric analysis. The analysis and study of these large analytical blocks and all the parameters that compose them, have been elaborated with the ultimate goal of carrying out a statistical treatment and obtaining some decision criteria that allow us to create a qualitative zoning on a regional scale, depending on the potential danger of the exposed areas. The result obtained from zoning on a regional scale should also allow us to decide which phenomena have to be analyzed, according to their relevance, and how they are treated later and based on their nature, through fieldwork and numerical modelling. |
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