Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review

Introduction: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is used to treat bruxism, a disorder characterized by hyperactivity of the mandibular muscles, causing pain and dental wear. Its primary mechanism involves inhibiting acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, reducing muscle contraction and mo...

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Autores: Alonso Cardenas, Laura Daniela, Burbano Balseca, María José
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:Ecuador
Institución:Universidad Central del Ecuador
Repositorio:Revista Odontología
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:revistadigital.uce.edu.ec:article/9155
Acceso en línea:https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Toxina botulínica
Bruxismo
Bótox
botulinum toxin
bruxism
botox
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
Mecanismos de acción del bótox en el tratamiento del bruxismo: Revisión bibliográfica
title Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
spellingShingle Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
Alonso Cardenas, Laura Daniela
Toxina botulínica
Bruxismo
Bótox
botulinum toxin
bruxism
botox
title_short Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
title_full Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
title_fullStr Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
title_full_unstemmed Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
title_sort Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature review
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Alonso Cardenas, Laura Daniela
Burbano Balseca, María José
author Alonso Cardenas, Laura Daniela
author_facet Alonso Cardenas, Laura Daniela
Burbano Balseca, María José
author_role author
author2 Burbano Balseca, María José
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Toxina botulínica
Bruxismo
Bótox
botulinum toxin
bruxism
botox
topic Toxina botulínica
Bruxismo
Bótox
botulinum toxin
bruxism
botox
description Introduction: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is used to treat bruxism, a disorder characterized by hyperactivity of the mandibular muscles, causing pain and dental wear. Its primary mechanism involves inhibiting acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, reducing muscle contraction and modulating mandibular tone. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze the mechanisms of action of botox in the management of bruxism. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar using terms such as “botulinum toxin,” “bruxism,” and “mechanism of action,” selecting 25 articles published between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the effects and mechanisms of BoNT-A in this context. Results: The review shows that BoNT-A causes temporary muscle paralysis and reversible atrophy, decreasing the strength and tone of the mandibular muscles, which reduces the hyperactivity typical of bruxism. Additionally, possible retrograde transport to the central nervous system has been identified, modulating neuronal excitability and promoting neuromuscular balance. Therapeutic efficacy depends on dose and precise application to minimize adverse effects. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment for bruxism, with both peripheral and central actions. Further research is needed to optimize application protocols and assess long-term effects, contributing to improved clinical care and patient quality of life.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026-06-30
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155
10.29166/od.v28i1.9155
url https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155
identifier_str_mv 10.29166/od.v28i1.9155
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
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dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155/12536
https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155/12537
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Derechos de autor 2026 Laura Daniela Alonso Cardenas, María José Burbano
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Derechos de autor 2026 Laura Daniela Alonso Cardenas, María José Burbano
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Central del Ecuador
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Central del Ecuador
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Odontología; Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2026): Enero-Junio; 11-20
1390-9967
1390-7468
10.29166/od.v28i1
reponame:Revista Odontología
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spelling Mechanisms of action of Botox in the treatment of bruxism: Literature reviewMecanismos de acción del bótox en el tratamiento del bruxismo: Revisión bibliográficaAlonso Cardenas, Laura DanielaBurbano Balseca, María JoséToxina botulínicaBruxismoBótoxbotulinum toxinbruxismbotoxIntroduction: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is used to treat bruxism, a disorder characterized by hyperactivity of the mandibular muscles, causing pain and dental wear. Its primary mechanism involves inhibiting acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction, reducing muscle contraction and modulating mandibular tone. Objective: This systematic review aims to analyze the mechanisms of action of botox in the management of bruxism. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar using terms such as “botulinum toxin,” “bruxism,” and “mechanism of action,” selecting 25 articles published between 2020 and 2025 that addressed the effects and mechanisms of BoNT-A in this context. Results: The review shows that BoNT-A causes temporary muscle paralysis and reversible atrophy, decreasing the strength and tone of the mandibular muscles, which reduces the hyperactivity typical of bruxism. Additionally, possible retrograde transport to the central nervous system has been identified, modulating neuronal excitability and promoting neuromuscular balance. Therapeutic efficacy depends on dose and precise application to minimize adverse effects. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin type A is a safe and effective treatment for bruxism, with both peripheral and central actions. Further research is needed to optimize application protocols and assess long-term effects, contributing to improved clinical care and patient quality of life.Introducción: La toxina botulínica tipo A (BoNT-A) se emplea como alternativa terapéutica en el manejo del bruxismo, un trastorno caracterizado por la hiperactividad de los músculos masticatorios que provoca dolor orofacial y desgaste dental. Su mecanismo de acción se basa en la inhibición de la liberación de acetilcolina en la unión neuromuscular, aunque evidencia reciente sugiere efectos neurobiológicos centrales. Objetivo: Analizar de manera sistemática los mecanismos de acción periféricos y centrales de la toxina botulínica tipo A en el tratamiento del bruxismo. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura mediante búsquedas en PubMed, SciELO y Web of Science (WoS), utilizando los términos “toxina botulínica”, “bruxismo” y “botox”. Se seleccionaron 28 artículos publicados entre 2020 y 2025 que evaluaron los efectos clínicos y neurofisiológicos de la BoNT-A en pacientes con bruxismo. Resultados: La evidencia demuestra que la BoNT-A produce parálisis muscular temporal y atrofia reversible de los músculos mandibulares, reduciendo la fuerza y el tono muscular asociados a la actividad bruxista. El efecto clínico presenta una duración promedio de tres a seis meses, según dosis y precisión en la aplicación. Además, se describe un posible transporte retrógrado hacia el sistema nervioso central, con modulación de la excitabilidad neuronal y del control motor. Conclusiones: La toxina botulínica tipo A es un tratamiento seguro y efectivo para el bruxismo, con mecanismos periféricos y centrales, aunque se requieren estudios adicionales para optimizar los protocolos y evaluar efectos a largo plazo.Universidad Central del Ecuador2026-06-30info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/epub+ziphttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/915510.29166/od.v28i1.9155Odontología; Vol. 28 Núm. 1 (2026): Enero-Junio; 11-201390-99671390-746810.29166/od.v28i1reponame:Revista Odontologíainstname:Universidad Central del Ecuadorinstacron:UCEspahttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155/12536https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/odontologia/article/view/9155/12537Derechos de autor 2026 Laura Daniela Alonso Cardenas, María José Burbanohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2026-06-30T23:43:55Zoai:revistadigital.uce.edu.ec:article/9155Portal de revistashttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/Universidad públicahttps://uce.edu.ec/**Ecuador*1390-99671390-7468opendoar:02026-07-19T15:08:14.461837Revista Odontología - Universidad Central del Ecuadortrue
score 15.228081

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