Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)

Knowledge of ecological impacts of exotic beach almond (Terminalia catappa) in the central Pacific of Costa Rica are little known, but studies have found this species to be a potentially important food source for endangered scarlet macaws (Ara macao). In this study, reproductive phenology and seed p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Henn, Jonathan J.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2014
País:Costa Rica
Institución:Universidad de Costa Rica
Repositorio:Portal de Revistas UCR
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:portal.ucr.ac.cr:article/14060
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ara macao
beach almond
Costa Rica
phenology
scarlet macaw
seed predation
Sciurus variegatoides
Terminalia catappa
variegated squirrel
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repository_id_str
spelling Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)Henn, Jonathan J.Ara macaobeach almondCosta Ricaphenologyscarlet macawseed predationSciurus variegatoidesTerminalia catappavariegated squirrelKnowledge of ecological impacts of exotic beach almond (Terminalia catappa) in the central Pacific of Costa Rica are little known, but studies have found this species to be a potentially important food source for endangered scarlet macaws (Ara macao). In this study, reproductive phenology and seed predation by variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides) and scarlet macaws were measured during March and April 2011 on beaches of central Pacific coastal Costa Rica. Seed productivity and predation levels were quantified on a weekly basis for 111 beach almond trees to assess the importance of beach almond as a food source for scarlet macaws and the extent of resource partitioning between seed predators. Seed production of the trees was great (about 194 272 seeds) and approximately 67% of seeds were predated by seed predators. Macaws consumed an estimated 49% of seeds while squirrels consumed 18%. Additionally, evidence of resource partitioning between squirrels and macaws was found. Scarlet macaws preferred to feed on the northern side and edge of the canopy while squirrels preferred to feed on the southern and inside parts of the canopy. Both species ate most seeds on the ocean side of the tree.  Despite the status of this tree as an exotic species, the beach almond appears to be an important resource for scarlet macaw population recovery. The resource produced by this tree should be taken into account as reforestation efforts continue in Costa Rica. Jonathan J. Henn1, Michael B. McCoy2, Christopher S. Vaughan21 Biology Department, St. Olaf College, 1500 St. Olaf Ave, Northfield, MN, USA. henn.jonathan@gmail.com2 Associated Colleges of the Midwest Costa Rica Program, San Jose, Costa Rica. mmccoycolton@yahoo.com,  cvaughan@acm.eduUniversidad de Costa Rica2014-09-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionartículo originalhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdftext/htmlhttps://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/1406010.15517/rbt.v62i3.14060Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 No. 3 (2014): Volume 62 – Regular number 3 – September 2014; 929–938Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 Núm. 3 (2014): Volumen 62 – Número regular 3 – Setiembre 2014; 929–938Revista Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 N.º 3 (2014): Volumen 62 – Número regular 3 – Setiembre 2014; 929–9382215-20750034-774410.15517/rbt.v62i3reponame:Portal de Revistas UCRinstname:Universidad de Costa Ricainstacron:UCRspahttps://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060/14694https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060/14695Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de Biología Tropicalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0acceso abiertohttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2022-06-09T17:28:45Zoai:portal.ucr.ac.cr:article/14060Portal de revistashttps://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/Universidadhttp://www.ucr.ac.crhttps://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/index/oaijorge.polanco@ucr.ac.crCosta RicaNo aplicaNo aplicaNo aplicaopendoar:2025-08-13T10:16:12.118Portal de Revistas UCR - Universidad de Costa Ricafalse
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
title Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
spellingShingle Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
Henn, Jonathan J.
Ara macao
beach almond
Costa Rica
phenology
scarlet macaw
seed predation
Sciurus variegatoides
Terminalia catappa
variegated squirrel
title_short Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
title_full Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
title_fullStr Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
title_full_unstemmed Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
title_sort Beach almond (Terminalia catappa, Combretaceae) seed production and predation by scarlet macaws (Ara macao) and variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Henn, Jonathan J.
author Henn, Jonathan J.
author_facet Henn, Jonathan J.
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ara macao
beach almond
Costa Rica
phenology
scarlet macaw
seed predation
Sciurus variegatoides
Terminalia catappa
variegated squirrel
topic Ara macao
beach almond
Costa Rica
phenology
scarlet macaw
seed predation
Sciurus variegatoides
Terminalia catappa
variegated squirrel
description Knowledge of ecological impacts of exotic beach almond (Terminalia catappa) in the central Pacific of Costa Rica are little known, but studies have found this species to be a potentially important food source for endangered scarlet macaws (Ara macao). In this study, reproductive phenology and seed predation by variegated squirrels (Sciurus variegatoides) and scarlet macaws were measured during March and April 2011 on beaches of central Pacific coastal Costa Rica. Seed productivity and predation levels were quantified on a weekly basis for 111 beach almond trees to assess the importance of beach almond as a food source for scarlet macaws and the extent of resource partitioning between seed predators. Seed production of the trees was great (about 194 272 seeds) and approximately 67% of seeds were predated by seed predators. Macaws consumed an estimated 49% of seeds while squirrels consumed 18%. Additionally, evidence of resource partitioning between squirrels and macaws was found. Scarlet macaws preferred to feed on the northern side and edge of the canopy while squirrels preferred to feed on the southern and inside parts of the canopy. Both species ate most seeds on the ocean side of the tree.  Despite the status of this tree as an exotic species, the beach almond appears to be an important resource for scarlet macaw population recovery. The resource produced by this tree should be taken into account as reforestation efforts continue in Costa Rica. Jonathan J. Henn1, Michael B. McCoy2, Christopher S. Vaughan21 Biology Department, St. Olaf College, 1500 St. Olaf Ave, Northfield, MN, USA. henn.jonathan@gmail.com2 Associated Colleges of the Midwest Costa Rica Program, San Jose, Costa Rica. mmccoycolton@yahoo.com,  cvaughan@acm.edu
publishDate 2014
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2014-09-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
artículo original
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060
10.15517/rbt.v62i3.14060
url https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060
identifier_str_mv 10.15517/rbt.v62i3.14060
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060/14694
https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/rbt/article/view/14060/14695
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de Biología Tropical
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
acceso abierto
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Derechos de autor 2014 Revista de Biología Tropical
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
acceso abierto
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
text/html
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Costa Rica
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad de Costa Rica
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 No. 3 (2014): Volume 62 – Regular number 3 – September 2014; 929–938
Revista de Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 Núm. 3 (2014): Volumen 62 – Número regular 3 – Setiembre 2014; 929–938
Revista Biología Tropical; Vol. 62 N.º 3 (2014): Volumen 62 – Número regular 3 – Setiembre 2014; 929–938
2215-2075
0034-7744
10.15517/rbt.v62i3
reponame:Portal de Revistas UCR
instname:Universidad de Costa Rica
instacron:UCR
instname_str Universidad de Costa Rica
instacron_str UCR
institution UCR
reponame_str Portal de Revistas UCR
collection Portal de Revistas UCR
repository.name.fl_str_mv Portal de Revistas UCR - Universidad de Costa Rica
repository.mail.fl_str_mv jorge.polanco@ucr.ac.cr
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score 15,228081

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