Post-antibiotic era in hemodialysis? Two case reports of simulta- neous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria

ABSTRACT : The emergence of resistance mechanisms not only limits the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections but also worsens the prognosis in patients who have conditions that increase the risk of bacterial infections. Thus, the effectiveness of important medical advances that seek to...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Vanegas Múnera, Johanna Marcela, Salazar Ospina, Lorena, Roncancio, Gustavo, Builes, Julián, Jiménez Quiceno, Judy Natalia
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:Colombia
Institución:Universidad de Antioquia
Repositorio:Repositorio UdeA
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:bibliotecadigital.udea.edu.co:10495/29461
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10495/29461
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Bacteriemia
Descripción
Sumario:ABSTRACT : The emergence of resistance mechanisms not only limits the therapeutic options for common bacterial infections but also worsens the prognosis in patients who have conditions that increase the risk of bacterial infections. Thus, the effectiveness of important medical advances that seek to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases is threatened. We report the simultaneous colonization and bacteremia by multidrug-resistant bacteria in two hemodialysis patients. The first patient was colonized by carba-penem- and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Pseu-domonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-re-sistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The patient had a bacteremia by MRSA, and molecular typing methods confirmed the colonizing isolate was the same strain that caused infection. The second case is of a patient colonized by extended-spec-trum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resis-tant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. During the follow-up period, the patient presen-ted three episodes of bacteremia, one of these caused by ESBL-producing E. coli. Molecular methods confirmed colonization by the same clone of ESBL producing E. coli at two time points, but with a different genetic pattern to the strain isolated from the blood culture. Colonization by multidrug-resistant bacteria allows not only the spread of these microorganisms, but also increases the subsequent risk of infections with limited treatments options. In addition to infection control measures, it is important to establish policies for the prudent use of antibiotics in dialysis units.