Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development

The aim was to analyze the relations between homicidal violence, human development, inequality, population size, and urbanization rates in Brazilian municipalities. This is a retrospective ecological study of 5,570 Brazilian municipalities which analyzes the relations between the average rate of hom...

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Autores: Clovis Wanzinack, Marcos Cláudio Signorelli, Clóvis Reis
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2022
País:Brasil
Recursos:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
Repositório:Cadernos de Saúde Pública
Idioma:inglês
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/7927
Acesso em linha:https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Homicide
Human Development
Socieconomic Factors
Violence
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
title Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
spellingShingle Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
Clovis Wanzinack
Homicide
Human Development
Socieconomic Factors
Violence
title_short Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
title_full Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
title_fullStr Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
title_full_unstemmed Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
title_sort Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and development
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Clovis Wanzinack
Marcos Cláudio Signorelli
Clóvis Reis
author Clovis Wanzinack
author_facet Clovis Wanzinack
Marcos Cláudio Signorelli
Clóvis Reis
author_role author
author2 Marcos Cláudio Signorelli
Clóvis Reis
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Homicide
Human Development
Socieconomic Factors
Violence
topic Homicide
Human Development
Socieconomic Factors
Violence
description The aim was to analyze the relations between homicidal violence, human development, inequality, population size, and urbanization rates in Brazilian municipalities. This is a retrospective ecological study of 5,570 Brazilian municipalities which analyzes the relations between the average rate of homicides registered in the Brazilian Mortality Information System (from 2005 to 2015) and selected indicators: municipal human development indices (HDI-M), Gini index, urbanization rates, and quantitative population. Analysis of the relative effect (%) of the variables on the risk for homicidal violence showed a greater association with more populous municipalities (log 10) (80.8%, 95%CI: 73.0; 88.8), more urbanized ones (8%, 95%CI: 6.7; 9.2), with higher Gini index (6%, 95%CI: 2.6; 9.5); whereas the relation with HDI-M is inverse (-17.1%, 95%CI: -21.4; -12.6). National policies which aim to limit population growth and the urbanization of the most populous Brazilian cities could reduce homicide rates across the country. Reducing inequalities and investing in municipal social education, health, and income policies could also reduce the number of homicides. We estimated that improving the HDI-M of the municipalities by 0.1 would cause a national reduction between 7,560 and 12,834 annual homicides, whereas decreasing income inequality (Gini index) by 0.1 would mean saving between 1,569 to 5,448 lives per year.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-11-28
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927
url https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927/17748
https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927/17749
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv text/html
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Reports in Public Health
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Reports in Public Health
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 10 (2022): October
Cadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 10 (2022): Outubro
1678-4464
0102-311X
reponame:Cadernos de Saúde Pública
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instacron:FIOCRUZ
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reponame_str Cadernos de Saúde Pública
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repository.name.fl_str_mv Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br
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spelling Violence and social determinants of health in Brazil: association between homicides, urbanization, population, inequality, and developmentHomicideHuman DevelopmentSocieconomic FactorsViolenceThe aim was to analyze the relations between homicidal violence, human development, inequality, population size, and urbanization rates in Brazilian municipalities. This is a retrospective ecological study of 5,570 Brazilian municipalities which analyzes the relations between the average rate of homicides registered in the Brazilian Mortality Information System (from 2005 to 2015) and selected indicators: municipal human development indices (HDI-M), Gini index, urbanization rates, and quantitative population. Analysis of the relative effect (%) of the variables on the risk for homicidal violence showed a greater association with more populous municipalities (log 10) (80.8%, 95%CI: 73.0; 88.8), more urbanized ones (8%, 95%CI: 6.7; 9.2), with higher Gini index (6%, 95%CI: 2.6; 9.5); whereas the relation with HDI-M is inverse (-17.1%, 95%CI: -21.4; -12.6). National policies which aim to limit population growth and the urbanization of the most populous Brazilian cities could reduce homicide rates across the country. Reducing inequalities and investing in municipal social education, health, and income policies could also reduce the number of homicides. We estimated that improving the HDI-M of the municipalities by 0.1 would cause a national reduction between 7,560 and 12,834 annual homicides, whereas decreasing income inequality (Gini index) by 0.1 would mean saving between 1,569 to 5,448 lives per year.El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre la violencia homicida, el desarrollo humano, la desigualdad, el tamaño poblacional y las tasas de urbanización en municipios brasileños. Se trata de un estudio ecológico, retrospectivo realizado con 5.570 municipios brasileños, con el fin de analizar la relación entre el promedio de homicidios, registrado en el Sistema de Información de Mortalidad (2005-2015), y los indicadores seleccionados: índices de desarrollo humano del municipio (IDH-M), coeficientes de Gini, tasas de urbanización y población cuantitativa. El análisis del efecto relativo (%) de las variables sobre el riesgo de violencia homicida mostró una asociación mayor con los municipios más poblados (log 10) (80,8%, IC95%: 73,0; 88,8), más urbanizados (8%, IC95%: 6,7; 9,2), con coeficientes de Gini más altos (6%, IC95%: 2,6; 9,5); mientras que la relación con el IDH-M es inversa (-17,1%, IC95%: -21,4; -12,6). Las políticas nacionales destinadas a limitar el crecimiento de la población y la urbanización en las ciudades más pobladas de Brasil podrían reducir las tasas de homicidio en todo el país. La reducción de las desigualdades y las inversiones en políticas municipales de educación social, salud y renta también podrían contribuir con la disminución de la tasa de homicidios. Si el IDH-M de los municipios tuviese una mejora del 0,1, habría una reducción nacional de 7.560 a 12.834 homicidios al año, mientras que una disminución de 0,1 en la desigualdad de renta (coeficiente de Gini) salvaría entre 1.569 y 5.448 vidas al año.O objetivo foi analisar as relações entre violência homicida, desenvolvimento humano, desigualdade, tamanho populacional e taxas de urbanização nos municípios brasileiros. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico retrospectivo de 5.570 municípios brasileiros que analisa as relações entre a taxa média de homicídios registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (de 2005 a 2015) e indicadores selecionados: índices municipais de desenvolvimento humano (IDH-M), coeficientes de Gini, taxas de urbanização e população quantitativa. A análise do efeito relativo (%) das variáveis sobre o risco de violência homicida mostrou maior associação com municípios mais populosos (log 10) (80,8%, IC95%: 73,0; 88,8), mais urbanizados (8%, IC95%: 6,7; 9,2), com maiores coeficientes de Gini (6%, IC95%: 2,6; 9,5); enquanto a relação com IDH-M é inversa (-17,1%, IC95%: -21,4; -12,6). Políticas nacionais que visam limitar o crescimento populacional e a urbanização das cidades brasileiras mais populosas poderiam reduzir as taxas de homicídios em todo o país. Reduzir as desigualdades e investir em políticas municipais de educação social, saúde e renda também poderiam reduzir o número de homicídios. Estima-se que uma melhoria de 0,1 no IDH-M dos municípios causaria uma redução nacional entre 7.560 a 12.834 homicídios anuais, enquanto uma diminuição de 0,1 em desigualdade de renda (coeficiente de Gini) significaria salvar entre 1.569 e 5.448 vidas por ano.Reports in Public HealthCadernos de Saúde Pública2022-11-28info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersiontext/htmlapplication/pdfhttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927Reports in Public Health; Vol. 38 No. 10 (2022): OctoberCadernos de Saúde Pública; v. 38 n. 10 (2022): Outubro1678-44640102-311Xreponame:Cadernos de Saúde Públicainstname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)instacron:FIOCRUZenghttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927/17748https://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/article/view/7927/17749info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessClovis WanzinackMarcos Cláudio SignorelliClóvis Reis2024-03-06T15:30:16Zoai:ojs.teste-cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br:article/7927Revistahttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csphttps://cadernos.ensp.fiocruz.br/ojs/index.php/csp/oaicadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br||cadernos@ensp.fiocruz.br1678-44640102-311Xopendoar:2024-03-06T13:09:05.382496Cadernos de Saúde Pública - Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)true
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