Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE)
The present study aimed to analyze the antifungal, antioxidant, and irritant potential of citronella oil, both isolated and combined with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), for topical oral candidiasis. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using two methods, the DPPH test and the reducing power...
| Autores: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Recursos: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
| Repositorio: | Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/299751 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11050162 https://hdl.handle.net/11449/299751 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | biofilms Candida albicans Cymbopogon nardus phytotherapy |
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Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE)biofilmsCandida albicansCymbopogon nardusphytotherapyThe present study aimed to analyze the antifungal, antioxidant, and irritant potential of citronella oil, both isolated and combined with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), for topical oral candidiasis. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using two methods, the DPPH test and the reducing power test (FRAP), while the irritant potential of the solutions was assessed through the hen’s egg chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM). The DPPH test (IC50) values for the CITRO III + CAPE III combination were 32 ± 9 mg/mL, and for isolated CAPE, 13 ± 3 mg/mL. The results from the FRAP method revealed a low iron-reducing power for the combination of 1.25 mg/mL of citronella and 0.0775 mg/mL of CAPE (CITRO III + CAPE III), showing no significant difference compared to the isolated solution of 0.15 mg/mL of CAPE. The antibacterial activity of CAPE and isolated citronella in vitro against microorganisms was evaluated using two methods: microdilution and biofilm assay. The results showed that the MIC and MFC values were 0.5 mg/mL for citronella at both tested times (24 h and 48 h). For CAPE, the MFC values were 0.031 mg/mL. For the biofilm assay, the isolated compounds and combinations at 1 min and 6 h showed significantly different results from the controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HET-CAM results demonstrated the absence of irritability. Based on these premises, the antifungal and antioxidant actions, and absence of irritability were proven. Moreover, this work presents a natural antifungal of interest to the pharmaceutical industry.School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), 1193, José Bonifacio StreetFaculty of Sciences and Letters São Paulo State University (UNESP), 2100, Dom Antonio AvenueSchool of Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14-01, Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube AvenueSchool of Dentistry São Paulo State University (UNESP), 1193, José Bonifacio StreetFaculty of Sciences and Letters São Paulo State University (UNESP), 2100, Dom Antonio AvenueSchool of Sciences São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14-01, Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube AvenueUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)2025-04-29T18:43:25Z2024-10-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11050162Cosmetics, v. 11, n. 5, 2024.2079-9284https://hdl.handle.net/11449/29975110.3390/cosmetics110501622-s2.0-85207726659Scopusreponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESPinstname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)instacron:UNESPengCosmeticsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessRolim, Pedro Antônio de Souza [UNESP]Catanoze, Isabela Araguê [UNESP]Fracasso, Julia Amanda Rodrigues [UNESP]Barbosa, Debora Barros [UNESP]dos Santos, Lucineia [UNESP]Ximenes, Valdecir Farias [UNESP]Guiotti, Aimée Maria [UNESP]2025-06-24T06:41:26Zoai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/299751Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.unesp.br/oai/requestrepositoriounesp@unesp.bropendoar:29462025-06-24T06:41:26Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)false |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| title |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| spellingShingle |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) Rolim, Pedro Antônio de Souza [UNESP] biofilms Candida albicans Cymbopogon nardus phytotherapy |
| title_short |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| title_full |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| title_fullStr |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| title_sort |
Antifungal, Antioxidant, and Irritative Potential of Citronella Oil (Cymbopogon nardus) Associated with Phenethyl Ester of Caffeic Acid (CAPE) |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Rolim, Pedro Antônio de Souza [UNESP] Catanoze, Isabela Araguê [UNESP] Fracasso, Julia Amanda Rodrigues [UNESP] Barbosa, Debora Barros [UNESP] dos Santos, Lucineia [UNESP] Ximenes, Valdecir Farias [UNESP] Guiotti, Aimée Maria [UNESP] |
| author |
Rolim, Pedro Antônio de Souza [UNESP] |
| author_facet |
Rolim, Pedro Antônio de Souza [UNESP] Catanoze, Isabela Araguê [UNESP] Fracasso, Julia Amanda Rodrigues [UNESP] Barbosa, Debora Barros [UNESP] dos Santos, Lucineia [UNESP] Ximenes, Valdecir Farias [UNESP] Guiotti, Aimée Maria [UNESP] |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Catanoze, Isabela Araguê [UNESP] Fracasso, Julia Amanda Rodrigues [UNESP] Barbosa, Debora Barros [UNESP] dos Santos, Lucineia [UNESP] Ximenes, Valdecir Farias [UNESP] Guiotti, Aimée Maria [UNESP] |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
biofilms Candida albicans Cymbopogon nardus phytotherapy |
| topic |
biofilms Candida albicans Cymbopogon nardus phytotherapy |
| description |
The present study aimed to analyze the antifungal, antioxidant, and irritant potential of citronella oil, both isolated and combined with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), for topical oral candidiasis. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using two methods, the DPPH test and the reducing power test (FRAP), while the irritant potential of the solutions was assessed through the hen’s egg chorioallantoic membrane test (HET-CAM). The DPPH test (IC50) values for the CITRO III + CAPE III combination were 32 ± 9 mg/mL, and for isolated CAPE, 13 ± 3 mg/mL. The results from the FRAP method revealed a low iron-reducing power for the combination of 1.25 mg/mL of citronella and 0.0775 mg/mL of CAPE (CITRO III + CAPE III), showing no significant difference compared to the isolated solution of 0.15 mg/mL of CAPE. The antibacterial activity of CAPE and isolated citronella in vitro against microorganisms was evaluated using two methods: microdilution and biofilm assay. The results showed that the MIC and MFC values were 0.5 mg/mL for citronella at both tested times (24 h and 48 h). For CAPE, the MFC values were 0.031 mg/mL. For the biofilm assay, the isolated compounds and combinations at 1 min and 6 h showed significantly different results from the controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HET-CAM results demonstrated the absence of irritability. Based on these premises, the antifungal and antioxidant actions, and absence of irritability were proven. Moreover, this work presents a natural antifungal of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. |
| publishDate |
2024 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2024-10-01 2025-04-29T18:43:25Z |
| dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| format |
article |
| status_str |
publishedVersion |
| dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11050162 Cosmetics, v. 11, n. 5, 2024. 2079-9284 https://hdl.handle.net/11449/299751 10.3390/cosmetics11050162 2-s2.0-85207726659 |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics11050162 https://hdl.handle.net/11449/299751 |
| identifier_str_mv |
Cosmetics, v. 11, n. 5, 2024. 2079-9284 10.3390/cosmetics11050162 2-s2.0-85207726659 |
| dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
| language |
eng |
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Cosmetics |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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openAccess |
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Scopus reponame:Repositório Institucional da UNESP instname:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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UNESP |
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UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP |
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Repositório Institucional da UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) |
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repositoriounesp@unesp.br |
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1853672385963622400 |
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15.223283 |