FLORA E STATUS DE CONSERVAÇÃO DE UMA ÁREA NO ARCO DO DESMATAMENTO NA TRANSIÇÃO AMAZÔNIA/CERRADO
Brazil owns a great biological diversity that has direct influence from different biomes that forms it. Tocantins state, for instance, presents a diverse vegetation cover that reflects the variety of its fito ecological regions. Among them, we can highlight the Cerrado with its typical savannah vege...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Institución: | Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) |
| Repositorio: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA |
| Idioma: | portugués |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:tede2:tede/6474 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/6474 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Bico do Papagaio; Biodiversidade; Cerrado; Ecótono; Flora Biodiversity; Ecotone; Flora; Papageienschnabel; Biodiversität; Ökoton; Geografia Regional |
| Sumario: | Brazil owns a great biological diversity that has direct influence from different biomes that forms it. Tocantins state, for instance, presents a diverse vegetation cover that reflects the variety of its fito ecological regions. Among them, we can highlight the Cerrado with its typical savannah vegetation, Seasonal Forest Region (vegetal typology of forest) and Ombrophylous Forest Region (vegetal typology of forest). Furthermore, it is important to highlight the presence of ecotones and enclaves, that enrich even more the environmental complexity of the territory. A significant example is Bico do Papagaio micro region, classified as Seasonal Forest, Open Ombrophylous Forest, Dense Ombrophylous Forest and Cerrado (Tree Savannah, and Park Savannah). This study aims to present the vegetation distribution panorama and plant species of Tocantins State, with emphasis on Bico do Papagaio micro region, highlighting its ecological importance and raise awareness of biodiversity protection; analysis of richness and diversity of a forest remnant of Rio Taquari legal reserve. An inventory was carried out through Brazilian and international herbaria records indexed in SpeciesLink and Flora do Brasil 2020 platforms. The physiognomies of a transition area in the Legal Reserve of IFTO - campus Araguatins based on comparisons with studies for Tocantins and aerial and ground photos of the study area. We collected plants in loco in five subareas with distinct physiognomies, selected from the studied area. We carried out a floristic comparison based on presence/absence data of the species identified in the five physiognomies in the Legal Reserve of IFTO. In this reserve 288 species, 188 genera and 64 families were recorded. The families highlighted were Fabaceae with 43 species, Rubiaceae with 18, Bignoniaceae with 14, Malvaceae and Euphorbiaceae with 13 each. In physiognomies described, Solanumm eitenii Agra, Trichilia minima T.D. Penn. e Combretum rupicola Ridl. are in the Red List of IUCN as Critically Endangered. That shows the need of more concentrated studies on ecotonal fragments to expand the knowledge about species that can be at endangered risk of extinction. In the study for Bico do Papagaio 928 species, 475 genera and 117 families were gathered. The families with larger number of species were Fabaceae (146), Poaceae (63), Rubiaceae (51), Euphorbiaceae (38), Cyperaceae (29), Melastomataceae (26), Myrtaceae (26), Asteraceae (17), Malvaceae (24), Convolvulaceae (23), Apocynaceae (23) and Bignoniaceae (22), that together represented 52.08% of recorded species. Moreover, Ruellia asperula (Mart. ex Nees) Lindau found in the study area, was recently recorded for the first time for Tocantins State; updating its geographic distribution for Brazil. This study shows that herbaria data are important for the flora record of a region, besides of being an important tool that can contribute for maintenance, protection, restoration, and conservation of areas of important floristic richness, as Bico do Papagaio micro region. Additionally, the knowledge of local flora and its distribution contribute to conserve rare, endangered, endemic species at risk of extinction. |
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