Plantas e animais medicinais em assentamentos rurais do Baixo Munim, Maranhão

Ethnobiology is an interdisciplinary field that study and interpret the traditional knowledge involving plants and animals. Ethnobotany and Ethnozoology are the sciences that study the interactions between humans and plants and animals species, respectively, mainly those native of the region where a...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Silva, Lizandra Conceição Pimenta
Formato: tesis de maestría
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA)
Repositorio:Repositório da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão (UEMA)
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.uema.br:123456789/2998
Acesso em linha:https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2998
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Plantas medicinais
Animais medicinais
Assentamentos rurais - Baixo Munim - maranhão
Baixo Munim - maranhão
Etnobotânica - Maranhão
Etnozoologia - Maranhão
Levantamento etnobotânico
Levantamento etnozoológico
Comunidades tradicionais - Maranhão
Práticas medicinais - comunidades tradicionais - Maranhão
Bola de neve - método
Método bola de neve
Observação participante
Himathanthus drasticus
Janaúba
Ameixa
Bunchosia sp.
Cobra cascavel
Crotalus durissus L.
Medicinal plants
Medicinal animals
Rural settlements - Baixo Munim - Maranhão
Ethnobotany - Maranhão
Ethnozoology - Maranhão
Ethnobotanical survey
Ethnozoological survey
Traditional communities - Maranhão
Medicinal practices - traditional communities - Maranhão
Snowball - method
Snowball method
Participant observation
Plum
Rattlesnake
Etnobiologia
Ethnobiology
Agroecologia
Descrição
Resumo:Ethnobiology is an interdisciplinary field that study and interpret the traditional knowledge involving plants and animals. Ethnobotany and Ethnozoology are the sciences that study the interactions between humans and plants and animals species, respectively, mainly those native of the region where a given population lives. Traditional knowledge about the use of plants and animals for medicinal purposes is transmitted throughout the generations, but is at risk of disappearing in different regions due to the accelerated processes of ecosystem loss, fragmentation, rural exodus and urbanization. The objective of this research was to investigate medicinal practices that use native trees and animals carried out by traditional communities in rural settlements in the Baixo Munim region of Maranhão, Brazil. For this, local experts were identified through the "Snowball" method and semi-structured questionnaires and participatory observation were applied with them. Fifty-two people were interviewed, with women accounting for 83% of this public. All interviewees are farmers, and only 8% of them have completed the study cycle. A total of 42 native medicinal tree species were used in the communities from 18 of botanic families. The Fabaceae was the most representative (21.4%). The species with the highest frequency of citation were Bunchosia sp. and Himathanthus drasticus, both with 21 citations. In relation to the animals, 18 species and 17 families were used medicinally in humans. Mammal was the most representative taxonomic group (44.4%) and Boidae the most representative family (11.1%). The species with the highest frequency of citation was the snake Crotalus durissus (12). Among the interviewees, 88% transmit this knowledge to the new generations orally. The interviewees reported an expressive number of plants and animals for use in the medicinal preparation. Considering the risk of loosing this knowledge, it is essential to register these practices in traditional communities.