Fenologia das plantas, qualidade pós-colheita e conservação de framboesas
The raspberry crop represents a promising activity for the diversification of the southern Minas fruit production. The region has a favorable microclimate for growing this species and is strategically located for the commercialization of the production. However, the shortage of information about phe...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2011 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Institución: | Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) |
| Repositorio: | Repositório Institucional da UFLA |
| Idioma: | portugués |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.ufla.br:1/3286 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://repositorio.ufla.br/handle/1/3286 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Ciências Agrárias Rubus idaeus Fenologia Qualidade Conservação Pós-colheita Phenology Quality Conservation Post-harvest |
| Sumario: | The raspberry crop represents a promising activity for the diversification of the southern Minas fruit production. The region has a favorable microclimate for growing this species and is strategically located for the commercialization of the production. However, the shortage of information about phenology of the cultivars, quality and shelf-life of fruits are obstacle to be faced. Therefore, this study investigated the phenology, quality attributes and the use of refrigeration in the preservation of raspberry in different colors. In order to achieve the objectives proposed three studies were conducted from June 2010 to August 2011. Batum cultivars, Autumn Bliss, Heritage and Golden Bliss, were evaluated under the conditions of the southern Minas Gerais pruning for fruit production in primary stems, secondary stems and apical gemstones well as the default fruit development. Stems issued after winter pruning were marked and monitored in the start and end of the reproductive phases. To determine the curve of fruit development, samples were taken weekly from early fruit development to harvest. It was found that the harvest period occurred earlier and last longer than in Southern Brazil and also the emission of two outbreaks of shoot growth from the root system. Cultivars differ in their reproductive behavior in primary and secondary stems. The subapical gems have low capacity for budding and flowering. Fruits of different cultivars have simple sigmoidal growth pattern. In the second experiment were evaluated fruits from two different sites of cultivation represented by the Serra da Mantiqueira and Alto Rio Grande. Fruits were evaluated for mass, size, number of drupelets, color, total acidity, pH, soluble solids, total acidity ratio / soluble solids, moisture, ash, mineral composition and determination of anthocyanins, vitamin C, β-carotene, lycopene and total phenols. The results revealed strong influence of growing site on fruit quality as well as the existence of variation among cultivars. Fruits produced in Serra da Mantiqueira stood out as the physical characteristics. On the other hand, growing raspberries in Alto Rio Grande provided greater color intensity and increased acidity. In general, colored raspberries are rich source of bioactive compounds in addition to considerable amounts of nutrients particularly nitrogen, potassium, iron and manganese. In the third part of the job we studied the effect of temperature on postharvest black raspberries. The fruits were packed in polyethylene terephthalate trays and stored for 12 days in BOD chambers to -1, 1, 3, 5:07 ° C, with variations from 0.2 to 0.5 ° C and relative humidity of 91.4 ± 7.3%. The fruits showed different retention periods depending on the temperature. The best temperature for the conservation of fruits was -1 ° C, where the berries reached 12 days of storage without much variation in quality for consumption. On the other hand the use of temperatures of 1 and 3 ° C led conservation only three days. After this period, the organoleptic quality of fruits was reduced due to high mass loss and development of taste. These features were antecipated to 5 and 7 oC, and the presence of strange smell and microorganisms found in the temperature of 7 oC, resulting in a short period of storage. The results demonstrate the potential of the southern Minas to produce colorful berries confirmed by the performance of different cultivars to phenology, fruit quality and shelf life extension after harvest. |
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