About the Senses of Vitality: Reviewing the Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger (UNESCO) Through Local Indigenous Experiences

We seek to analyse and problematize the meanings of vitality present in the UNESCO Atlas of endangered languages (1996). This discussion matters insofar as UNESCO's typological and classificatory proposal has been widely used within the scope of policies engaged with the revitalization of indig...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: de Oliveira, Beatriz, Sagica, Vanessa, Severo, Cristine Gorski
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:Brasil
Institución:Associação Brasileira de Linguística (ABRALIN)
Repositorio:Cadernos de Linguística
Idioma:inglés
portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs3.cadernos.abralin.org:article/690
Acceso en línea:https://cadernos.abralin.org/index.php/cadernos/article/view/690
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Vitalidade
Revitalização
Perigo
Atlas
Línguas Indígenas
Vitality
Revitalization
Endangerement
Indigenous Languages
Descripción
Sumario:We seek to analyse and problematize the meanings of vitality present in the UNESCO Atlas of endangered languages (1996). This discussion matters insofar as UNESCO's typological and classificatory proposal has been widely used within the scope of policies engaged with the revitalization of indigenous languages, both in Brazil and abroad. The Atlas was created aiming at raising awareness concerning endangered languages and the safeguarding of language diversity, as well as at monitoring the status of endangered languages globally. We emphasize the importance of a critical and contextualized framework that problematizes the meanings of vitality concerning the idea of “endangered languages”. We pay particular attention to the categorizations involving the “degrees of endangerment” in relation to the nine evaluative factors indicated by the Atlas. Our problematization considers, according to Lupke (2017) that the meaning of vitality must consider four pillars: 1) investigation of communicative practices in a significant geographic context or linguistic ecosystem; 2) investigation of how these communicative practices are named and reified, and what ideologies and perspectives result from the practice of naming them; 3) study of the indexical functions of language use and languages as ideological representations; 4) analysis of the different power dynamics, perspectives and ideologies of speakers and people outside these contexts. We present some meanings of vitality based on linguistic experiences of the Macuxi people (Northern Brazil) and Mbyá Guarani (Southern Brazil), in order to verify how these pillars help to creatively and productively expand the meanings of vitality and of revitalization beyond the classification system indicated by the Atlas. Finally, we include a discussion of the importance of an indigenous research agenda engaged with a decolonial perspective.